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小麥氣送集排器等寬多邊形槽齒輪式供種裝置研究
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2021YFD2000403)、國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51975238)和中國博士后科學(xué)基金項目(2021M701340)


Research on Seed Feeding Device with Constant Width Polygon Groove-tooth Wheel of Air-assisted Centralized Metering Device for Wheat
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    摘要:

    針對小麥氣送式集排器供種裝置充種環(huán)節(jié)種子流動性差,導(dǎo)致充種及供種不穩(wěn)定的問題,設(shè)計了一種具有等寬多邊形槽齒輪的小麥供種裝置。闡述了供種裝置的工作原理,確定了等寬多邊形槽齒輪的主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)。利用EDEM仿真對比分析了不同結(jié)構(gòu)型式槽齒輪對種群擾動能力、充種及供種性能的影響,結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)供種軸轉(zhuǎn)速為20r/min時,在仿真的1~10s內(nèi)隨等寬多邊形槽齒輪邊數(shù)的增加,種群平均動能均值逐漸減小,對種群平均擾動能力依次減弱,但相鄰平均動能峰值間隔時間縮短,擾動種群的頻率增加;等寬三邊形、等寬五邊形、等寬七邊形、等寬九邊形槽齒輪擾動下種群平均動能均值比圓形槽齒輪分別高371.32%、209.23%、91.02%、53.37%;以充種合格率((2±1)粒/孔)和漏充率(0粒/孔)為指標,等寬七邊形槽齒輪充種合格率為93.98%、漏充率為2.78%,供種粒數(shù)與供種時間具有較高的線性度,充種和供種性能較優(yōu)。臺架試驗驗證了等寬七邊形槽齒輪式供種裝置的供種性能及對排種性能的影響,結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)速為10~60r/min時,供種速率穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)不高于2.14%,供種時破損率不高于0.20%,總排量穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)不高于2.15%,排種時破損率不高于0.23%,滿足小麥種子穩(wěn)定供種要求。

    Abstract:

    Considering the problem that the wheat seeds have poor fluidity in the seed filling link of the seed feeding device of air-assisted centralized metering device for wheat, which leads to unstable seed filling and feeding, a seed feeding device with constant width polygon groove-tooth wheel for wheat was developed. The working principle of the seed feeding device was described. The main structural parameters of the constant width polygon groove-tooth wheel were determined. The effects of different structure types of groove-tooth wheel on seed population disturbance ability, seed filling and seed feeding performance were compared and analyzed by EDEM. The simulation results showed that when the rotating speed of the seed feeding shaft was 20r/min, with the increase of side quantity of the constant width polygon groove-tooth wheel, the average kinetic energy of the seed population was gradually decreased, and the average disturbance ability to the seed population was decreased in turn. Nevertheless, the interval between the adjacent average kinetic energy peaks was decreased and the frequency of disturbing the seed population was increased. The average kinetic energy of the seed population under the disturbance of the constant width triangular, the constant width pentagonal, the constant width heptagonal, and the constant width nonagon groove-tooth wheel was 371.32%, 209.23%, 91.02%, and 53.37% higher than that of circular groove-tooth wheel, respectively. Taking the quality rate of seed filling ((2±1) grain/hole) and missing rate of seed filling (0 grain/hole) as indicators, the quality rate of seed filling and missing rate of the constant width heptagonal groove-tooth wheel were 93.98% and 2.78%, respectively. The seed feeding quantity and seed feeding time had high linearity, and the seed filling and seed feeding performance were better. The bench test verified the seed feeding performance of the seed feeding device with the constant width heptagonal groove-tooth wheel and the effect of seed feeding device on seeding performance. The results showed that when the rotating speed was 10~60r/min, the variation coefficient of seed feeding rate stability was not higher than 2.14%, the damage rate was not higher than 0.20% during feeding process, the variation coefficient of total seeding mass stability was not higher than 2.15%, the damage rate was not higher than 0.23% during seeding process,which met the requirements of stable wheat seed feeding.

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王磊,舒彩霞,席日晶,廖慶喜,劉嘉誠,廖宜濤.小麥氣送集排器等寬多邊形槽齒輪式供種裝置研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2022,53(8):53-63. WANG Lei, SHU Caixia, XI Rijing, LIAO Qingxi, LIU Jiacheng, LIAO Yitao. Research on Seed Feeding Device with Constant Width Polygon Groove-tooth Wheel of Air-assisted Centralized Metering Device for Wheat[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(8):53-63.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-04-13
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-05-12
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