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環(huán)境風速對六旋翼無人機下洗氣流和霧滴沉積影響研究
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國家自然科學基金項目(51906111)和江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)科技自主創(chuàng)新資金項目(CX(19)3077)


Effect of Ambient Wind Speed on Downwash Airflow and Droplet Deposition for Six-rotor UAV
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    摘要:

    小型多旋翼植保無人機存在農(nóng)藥飄移、霧滴沉積不均等問題,為此本文結合RANS方程、SST k-ω湍流模型和SIMPLE算法,對耦合六旋翼植保無人機下洗氣流場和噴霧霧滴的兩相流場進行數(shù)值模擬計算,探析環(huán)境風速對無人機下洗氣流和農(nóng)藥霧滴沉積的影響。機身下方空間點風速試驗和模擬值相對誤差在15%以內,驗證了數(shù)值模型的準確性。數(shù)值模擬結果表明:植保無人機飛行作業(yè)時,來流造成無人機下洗風場出現(xiàn)漩渦,來流速度對機身正下方流場的影響大于其對旋翼正下方流場的影響;側風造成無人機下洗風場出現(xiàn)較大漩渦,下洗風場穩(wěn)定性降低;兩側旋翼正下方對稱布置噴嘴提高了霧滴沉積均勻性,來流造成霧滴卷積,霧滴飄移量隨著來流速度提高而增大。綜合各因素,無人機噴嘴應在旋翼下方對稱布置,在小型六旋翼植保無人機實際作業(yè)時,無人機作業(yè)方向需要與外界環(huán)境風向保持平行,同時在晴朗環(huán)境下施藥作業(yè),從而降低霧滴飄移,提高農(nóng)藥利用率。

    Abstract:

    Small multi-rotor plant protection UAVs have problems such as pesticide drift and uneven droplet deposition. The numerical simulation of the two-phase flow field of coupled six-rotor UAV downwash airflow field and spray droplets was carried out by combining RANS equation, SST k-ω turbulence model and SIMPLE algorithm, and the effect of ambient wind speed on UAV downwash airflow and pesticide droplet deposition was explored. The accuracy of the numerical model was verified by the relative error within 15% between the spatial point wind speed test and the simulated value. The numerical simulation results showed that the incoming flow caused a vortex in the UAV downwash air field, and the impact of the incoming flow velocity on the flow field below the fuselage was greater than that on the flow field below the rotor. The stability of the downwash wind field was reduced due to large vortexes caused by the side wind. Symmetrical placement of nozzles under the rotor improved droplet deposition uniformity. The incoming flow caused droplet convolution, and droplet drift was increased as the incoming velocity increased. In combination with various factors, the UAV nozzles should be symmetrically arranged under the rotor blades. In the actual operation of six-rotor plant protection UAV, the UAV operation direction needed to be parallel to the outside wind direction in a clear environment, so as to reduce droplet drift and improve pesticide utilization.

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張健,張超,陳青,周宏平,楊風波,茹煜.環(huán)境風速對六旋翼無人機下洗氣流和霧滴沉積影響研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(8):74-81. ZHANG Jian, ZHANG Chao, CHEN Qing, ZHOU Hongping, YANG Fengbo, RU Yu. Effect of Ambient Wind Speed on Downwash Airflow and Droplet Deposition for Six-rotor UAV[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(8):74-81.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-03-16
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-05-20
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