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基于最優(yōu)空間的獼猴桃雙臂并行采摘平臺設(shè)計與試驗
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(31971805)


Design and Experiment of Dual Manipulators Parallel Harvesting Platform for Kiwifruit Based on Optimal Space
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    摘要:

    為使多關(guān)節(jié)雙臂并行采摘空間與獼猴桃棚架空間相適應(yīng),以保證雙臂間采摘區(qū)域連續(xù)無漏果且采摘面積最大化,采用理論與試驗相結(jié)合的方法對雙臂并行采摘平臺進行設(shè)計。首先,結(jié)合機械手工作空間和棚架空間等效模型,分析確定了雙臂空間布局方案;然后,通過對雙臂并行采摘效率進行理論分析確定優(yōu)化設(shè)計變量,以采摘面積最大和公共區(qū)域占比最小為指標(biāo)建立目標(biāo)優(yōu)化函數(shù),利用粒子群算法求解得最優(yōu)雙臂相對安裝位置870mm、最優(yōu)雙臂安裝高度1020mm和移動平臺最大間歇式前進步距450mm;在此基礎(chǔ)上,建立了雙臂開鏈運動模型及其位置層約束關(guān)系;最后,為驗證采摘空間適應(yīng)性及整機作業(yè)性能,搭建雙臂并行采摘平臺樣機并進行了果實定位誤差試驗和雙臂并行采摘試驗。結(jié)果表明:果實平均水平和深度定位誤差分別為5.0mm和8.3mm,基本滿足獼猴桃采摘要求,平均果實位置遍歷成功率為92.09%,雙臂能夠遍歷除奇異點外所要求的目標(biāo)果實點,平均果實采摘成功率為82.10%,平均單果采摘時間為5.86s,通過位姿調(diào)整雙臂在共享空間可以改善運動沖突問題,驗證了獼猴桃雙臂并行采摘平臺的作業(yè)可行性。

    Abstract:

    In order to adapt the parallel harvesting space of the multi-joint dual robotic arms to the kiwifruit scaffolding space, so that ensuring the maximum continuous harvesting area without fruit leakage, the method of theory and experiment was used to design the parallel harvesting platform of the dual robotic arms. Firstly, the spatial layout of the dual robotic arms was determined by combining the equivalent models of the manipulator workspace and the scaffolding space. Then, the design variables were determined by theoretical analysis of the parallel harvesting efficiency with the dual robotic arms, and the objective optimization function was established with the indicators of “maximum harvesting area” and “minimum common area”. A particle swarm algorithm was used to solve for an optimum relative mounting position of 870mm, an optimum mounting height of 1020mm for the dual robotic arms, and a maximum intermittent forward step distance of 450mm for the mobile platform. On this basis, the open-chain motion model of the arms and their position layer constraints was established. Finally, to verify the adaptability of the parallel harvesting space and the performance of the whole machine, a prototype of the dual manipulators parallel harvesting platform was built and the fruit positioning error test and the parallel harvesting test with dual robotic arms were carried out. The results showed that the average horizontal and depth positioning errors of the fruit were 5.0mm and 8.3mm respectively, which met the kiwifruit picking requirements, the average fruit position traversal success rate was 92.09%, the arms can traverse the required target fruit points except singular points, the average fruit harvesting success rate was 82.10% and the average single fruit harvesting time was 5.86s, the problem of motion conflict can be improved by adjusting the pose of the arms in the shared space, which verified the operational feasibility of the parallel harvesting platform with dual robotic arms for kiwifruit.

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崔永杰,馬利,何智,朱玉桃,王寅初,李凱.基于最優(yōu)空間的獼猴桃雙臂并行采摘平臺設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2022,53(8):132-143. CUI Yongjie, MA Li, HE Zhi, ZHU Yutao, WANG Yinchu, LI Kai. Design and Experiment of Dual Manipulators Parallel Harvesting Platform for Kiwifruit Based on Optimal Space[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(8):132-143.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-03-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-05-24
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