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基于智能合約的果蔬區(qū)塊鏈溯源數(shù)據(jù)存儲方法研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(31871525)和廣東省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(202103000033)


Blockchain Traceability Data Storage Method of Fruit and Vegetable Foods Supply Chain Based on Smart Contract
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    摘要:

    隨著區(qū)塊鏈農(nóng)產(chǎn)品溯源技術(shù)的發(fā)展,果蔬產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全得到保障。由于我國果蔬產(chǎn)品溯源跨度大、追溯周期長、涉及面廣,并且區(qū)塊鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)賬本由全網(wǎng)節(jié)點(diǎn)共同記賬備份,海量溯源數(shù)據(jù)存儲壓力大,同時所有數(shù)據(jù)透明共享,造成供應(yīng)鏈溯源數(shù)據(jù)無法全部上鏈,引起產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)上下游溯源企業(yè)共享不及時、追溯數(shù)據(jù)安全性難以得到保障、監(jiān)管部門無法實(shí)時監(jiān)管全部溯源數(shù)據(jù),出現(xiàn)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全問題時,責(zé)任無法定位、產(chǎn)品難以找到問題源頭?;谏鲜鰡栴},設(shè)計(jì)基于區(qū)塊鏈多鏈架構(gòu)的果蔬產(chǎn)品溯源框架,設(shè)計(jì)溯源數(shù)據(jù)存儲模型,并通過智能合約實(shí)現(xiàn)溯源數(shù)據(jù)分類鏈上加密存儲、鏈間授權(quán)訪問、基于授權(quán)憑證解密查詢,保證果蔬全供應(yīng)鏈溯源隱私數(shù)據(jù)密文上鏈,減緩區(qū)塊鏈存儲壓力、實(shí)現(xiàn)上下游溯源企業(yè)隱私數(shù)據(jù)無孤島授權(quán)共享?;诼?lián)盟鏈Hyperledger Fabric通道技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)多鏈溯源系統(tǒng),經(jīng)過擴(kuò)散性測試,由對稱加密與橢圓曲線混合加密的“鏈上加密存證、鏈間基于授權(quán)憑證共享、鏈上解密查詢”智能合約方案,隱私數(shù)據(jù)密文變化率達(dá)95%以上,密鑰密文變化率達(dá)94%以上,具備較高的安全性和混淆性;經(jīng)過性能測試,所設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)的多鏈架構(gòu)溯源系統(tǒng)公開溯源數(shù)據(jù)查詢平均時延為56.9ms,基于授權(quán)憑證的隱私溯源數(shù)據(jù)平均解密查詢時延為62.87ms,處理企業(yè)節(jié)點(diǎn)發(fā)起數(shù)據(jù)上鏈請求的平均時延為2.16s,能夠滿足果蔬產(chǎn)品追溯實(shí)際的應(yīng)用需求。

    Abstract:

    With the development of blockchain agricultural foods traceability technology, the quality and safety of fruits and vegetables are guaranteed. As the traceability of fruits and vegetables in China has a large span, long traceability cycle and wide coverage, and the blockchain network data ledger is backed up by the joint network nodes, the storage of massive traceability data is under great pressure, while all traceability data are transparently shared, resulting in the data not being able to be all upstream and downstream traceability enterprises to share in a real time, the safety of data is difficult to be effectively guaranteed, and the regulatory departments cannot regular traceability data efficiently. When there is a problem of agricultural foods quality and safety, the responsibility cannot be located and the source of the problem can hardly be found. Based on the above problems, a traceability framework for fruits and vegetables was designed based on blockchain multi-chain architecture, a data storage model was designed, and encrypted storage on the chain of traceability data classification, authorized access between chains and decrypted query based on authorized credentials were realized through smart contracts to ensure the privacy of whole traceability supply chain. Data encryption on the chain can reduce the pressure of storage and realize the sharing of privacy data of upstream and downstream traceability enterprises without silo authorization. Based on the Hyperledger Fabric channel technology of consortium chain, the multi-chain traceability system was realized. After proliferation test, the smart contract scheme of on-chain encryption and evidence storage, inter-chain sharing based on authorized credentials and on-chain decryption query, which was composed of symmetric encryption and elliptic curve hybrid encryption, had a private trace-data cipher text change rate of more than 95% and a key cipher text change rate of more than 94%, which possesses high security and confusion. After performance testing, the average time delay of public traceability data query was 56.9ms, the average time delay of privacy traceability data decryption query was 62.87ms, and the average time delay of processing data upload was 2.16s, which can meet the actual application requirements of fruits and vegetables traceability system. The research result can provide a feasible reference solution for the classification and storage of traceability data of fruits and vegetables in China.

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孫傳恒,于華竟,羅娜,徐大明,邢斌,楊信廷.基于智能合約的果蔬區(qū)塊鏈溯源數(shù)據(jù)存儲方法研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(8):361-370. SUN Chuanheng, YU Huajing, LUO Na, XU Daming, XING Bin, YANG Xinting. Blockchain Traceability Data Storage Method of Fruit and Vegetable Foods Supply Chain Based on Smart Contract[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(8):361-370.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-08-23
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-09-08
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