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寒區(qū)畜禽舍空氣內(nèi)循環(huán)除濕系統(tǒng)設計與試驗
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國家自然科學基金面上項目(32072787)、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部生豬養(yǎng)殖設施工程重點實驗室項目、黑龍江省博士后項目(LBH-Q21070)和東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學東農(nóng)學者計劃項目(19YJXG02)


Design and Experiment of Air Internal Circulation Dehumidification System for Livestock and Poultry House in Northern Cold Region
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    摘要:

    針對北方冬季密閉畜禽舍普遍存在的舍內(nèi)濕度大、傳統(tǒng)除濕方法成本高的問題,設計了一種以翅片管換熱器為核心部件的自然冷凝式節(jié)能除濕系統(tǒng),利用北方冬季寒冷的舍外自然條件使制冷劑充分制冷后循環(huán)引入翅片管換熱器中,依據(jù)冷凝原理實現(xiàn)舍內(nèi)高濕氣體冷凝析濕。該除濕系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)舍內(nèi)空氣內(nèi)循環(huán)除濕,減少直接或間接通風除濕造成大量的熱量損失。利用濕空氣理論計算除濕速率,通過在密閉試驗艙進行試驗測試來驗證換熱除濕系統(tǒng)的工作性能。結果表明,翅片管換熱器有效換熱面積、艙內(nèi)空氣和制冷劑初始溫差、風機風速和制冷液流量對除濕速率和艙內(nèi)降溫有著正向影響。風速為1m/s、平均初始溫差約為33℃情況下,在約為36m3的試驗艙內(nèi)平均降溫為4.67℃,平均除濕速率約為2.69kg/h。在有效換熱面積為18m2的換熱器除濕試驗中,空氣與制冷劑的質(zhì)量流率比為0.31、0.63和0.95時,能效比分別為5.63、12.25和11.03,表明換熱器存在熱交換能力的上限,能效比不能隨風機風速增大而持續(xù)增加,可為除濕系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能調(diào)控提供參考。該系統(tǒng)充分利用了東北寒區(qū)冬季舍外自然低溫,除濕和節(jié)能效果明顯,可為解決北方冬季畜禽舍除濕和節(jié)能之間矛盾提供有效途徑。

    Abstract:

    With the aim to solve the contradiction between ventilation and heat preservation of confined livestock and poultry house in cold winter in northern cold region, an energy-efficiency dehumidification system, taking fin-tube heat exchanger as the core part was designed based on the principle of condensation dehumidification by using the climate characteristics of big temperature difference between indoor and outdoor. The natural-cooling refrigerant was applied circularly by this system to reduce the water vapor quality of indoor high-humidity air with internal circulation, which could avoid sending indoor air to outdoor directly or indirectly to decrease heat loss. Dehumidification rate (DR) was calculated by theory of wet air to verify the performance of dehumidification system in a confined experimental cabin. The results showed that there were four important influence factors on dehumidification and energy consumption, i.e., efficiency area of fin-tube heat exchanger, initial temperature differences between indoor and outdoor, flow rate of air and refrigerant. Indoor temperature drop was 4.67℃ and mean DR was about 2.69kg/h when average initial temperature was about 33℃ and air flow rate was 1m/s in the 36m3 closed chamber. The quality ratio of air and refrigerant flow were 0.31, 0.63 and 0.95, and the average coefficient of performance (COP) were 5.63, 12.25 and 11.03, respectively. The experimental results indicated that there would be an upper limit of the quality ratio enhancing the heat transfer. COP could not improve along with air flow rate, and this provided an advice for optimal energy consumption of humidifier. It was shown that this energy-saving dehumidification system can take full advantage of the low temperature in the northern cold region, and the dehumidification rate and energy-saving effect were obvious, which provided an efficient solution of the contradiction between environmental dehumidification and thermal insulation of livestock and poultry houses in winter of the northern cold region.

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鄭萍,張繼成,謝秋菊,包軍,于海明,王圣超.寒區(qū)畜禽舍空氣內(nèi)循環(huán)除濕系統(tǒng)設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(8):416-422. ZHENG Ping, ZHANG Jicheng, XIE Qiuju, BAO Jun, YU Haiming, WANG Shengchao. Design and Experiment of Air Internal Circulation Dehumidification System for Livestock and Poultry House in Northern Cold Region[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(8):416-422.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-09-13
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-11-17
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