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開溝-排種單體式人參精密播種機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51975265、31960366)、國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFD0700600-2017YFD0700604)、云南省重大科技專項(xiàng)(2016ZF001、2017ZF001、2018ZC001-3、2018ZC001-4、2018ZC001-5)、云南省教育廳項(xiàng)目(2016ZZX048)和云南省高校工程研究中心建設(shè)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目


Design and Test of Ginseng Precision Seeder with Ditching and Seeding Monomer Type
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)人參播種機(jī)械化率低的現(xiàn)狀,本文設(shè)計(jì)了一種開溝-排種單體式人參精密播種機(jī)。通過對(duì)鏈勺式人參精密排種器落種點(diǎn)、雙圓盤開溝器工作性能和結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的分析,確定了開溝-排種單體的關(guān)鍵參數(shù),設(shè)計(jì)了整機(jī)傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng),可實(shí)現(xiàn)株距調(diào)整。利用土槽試驗(yàn)臺(tái)架,選取作業(yè)速度、開溝深度、開溝器與排種器相對(duì)水平距離為試驗(yàn)因素,以合格指數(shù)、重播指數(shù)、漏播指數(shù)為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),設(shè)計(jì)了二次回歸正交旋轉(zhuǎn)組合試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)作業(yè)速度為0.42m/s、開溝深度為45mm、開溝器與排種器相對(duì)水平距離為95mm時(shí),合格指數(shù)為94.53%,重播指數(shù)為4.308%,漏播指數(shù)為1.165%。為驗(yàn)證播種機(jī)的工作性能,加工2BS-10型開溝-排種單體式人參精密播種機(jī),并進(jìn)行了田間試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)株距為4cm時(shí),播種機(jī)的合格指數(shù)為92.7%,重播指數(shù)為5.0%,漏播指數(shù)為2.3%,播深合格率為95.1%,未發(fā)現(xiàn)傷種情況,滿足我國非林地人參種植的播種要求。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the low mechanization rate of ginseng sowing, a ginseng precision seeder with ditching and seeding monomer type was designed. Through the analysis of the seed dropping point of chain spoon type precision seed-metering device for ginseng and working performance and structural parameters of double disc trencher, the key parameters of ditching and seeding monomer were ascertained and the whole transmission system was designed to realize the adjustable plant spacing. Then through the construction of a soil trough test bench, the quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination test was done, with the operation speed, ditching depth and relative horizontal distance between furrow opener and seed-metering device as the test factors, and the qualified index, the multiple index and the missing index as the text indexes. Experimental results showed that when the operation speed was 0.42m/s, ditching depth was 45mm and the relative horizontal distance between furrow opener and seed-metering device was 95mm, the qualified index was 94.53%, the multiple index was 4.308%, and the missing index was 1.165%. The field experiment was carried out with 2BS-10 ginseng precision seeder with ditching and seeding monomer type to testify the performance of the seeder, which showed that when the plant spacing was 4cm, the seeder’s qualified index was 92.7%, the multiple index was 5.0%, the missing index was 2.3%, the qualified rate of sowing depth was 95.1%, and no injury was found, which can meet the requirements of non-forest ginseng sowing.

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賴慶輝,呂勤,賈廣鑫,邱小寶,蘇微,趙瑾汶.開溝-排種單體式人參精密播種機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(9):72-82,98. LAI Qinghui, Lü Qin, JIA Guangxin, QIU Xiaobao, SU Wei, ZHAO Jinwen. Design and Test of Ginseng Precision Seeder with Ditching and Seeding Monomer Type[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(9):72-82,98.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-08-31
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-09-10
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