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滑槽回轉式水田側深施肥裝置設計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2021YFD2000605-2)、財政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術體系崗位科學家項目


Design and Experiment of Chute Rotary Side Deep Fertilizing Device in Paddy Field
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    摘要:

    針對現(xiàn)有施肥機械出現(xiàn)的堆積堵塞、肥量調節(jié)困難以及施肥均勻性差的問題,設計了一種易于調節(jié)肥量、擋板推肥防堵塞的側深施肥裝置,闡述了該裝置工作原理,參考水田側深施肥農(nóng)藝要求和插秧機空間結構,確定了施肥裝置基本結構參數(shù);對側深施肥裝置工作過程進行理論分析,確定了影響裝置施肥性能的工作參數(shù)主要為排肥圓盤轉速和肥槽高度;利用EDEM離散元仿真軟件建立滑槽回轉式施肥裝置仿真模型,探究了排肥圓盤轉速和肥槽高度對施肥裝置充肥和排肥效果的影響,確定了排肥圓盤的最佳工作轉速為10~50r/min;為驗證施肥性能,通過臺架試驗對滑槽回轉式水田側深施肥裝置進行試驗研究,獲得了排肥圓盤轉速、肥槽高度對施肥穩(wěn)定性影響規(guī)律和排肥圓盤轉速、插秧機速度對施肥均勻性影響規(guī)律,各指標均滿足國家施肥作業(yè)機械標準;通過與常見施肥結構裝置進行對比,證明滑槽回轉式水田側深施肥裝置在一定程度上提高了施肥均勻性。

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    Fertilizer is the key factor for increasing rice yield, and solves accumulation blockage, difficulty in regulating fertilizer amount and poor uniformity of fertilization in the existing fertilization machinery, and a side deep fertilizing device which was easy to adjust the amount of fertilizer and prevent blockage was designed, referring to the agronomic requirements of side deep fertilization in paddy field and structure of transplanter, and the basic structural parameters of the device were determined. Through theoretical analysis, the working process of the device was explored, with simulation software, the effects of fertilizer discharge disc speed and fertilizer tank height on fertilizer filling and discharging were investigated, the optimum operating speed range of fertilizer discharge disc was 10~50r/min. Through bench test, the effects of fertilizer discharge disc speed and fertilizer tank height on fertilization stability and the effects of fertilizer discharge disc speed and transplanter speed on fertilization uniformity were obtained, the fertilization results met the national standards, and the fertilization uniformity was improved to a certain extent compared with the fertilization machinery on the market. With field test operation, the operation effect met the agronomic requirements. The research designed a kind of fertilizing device which was easy to regulate the fertilizer amount, antiblocking device with uniform fertilization, provided a reference for the operation of the side deep fertilizing device for paddy field.

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王金峰,劉源峰,翁武雄,王金武,付佐棟,王震濤.滑槽回轉式水田側深施肥裝置設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(10):76-85. WANG Jinfeng, LIU Yuanfeng, WENG Wuxiong, WANG Jinwu, FU Zuodong, WANG Zhentao. Design and Experiment of Chute Rotary Side Deep Fertilizing Device in Paddy Field[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(10):76-85.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-11-01
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-01-17
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