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大蒜聯(lián)合收獲機按壓式切根裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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財政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項目(CARS-24-D-01)、泰山產(chǎn)業(yè)領(lǐng)軍人才工程項目和山東省自然科學(xué)基金項目(ZR2022OE103)


Operation Mechanism Analysis and Test of Press Root Cutting Device for Garlic Combine Harvester
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    摘要:

    針對大蒜聯(lián)合收獲作業(yè)過程中根系切凈率低與損傷率高的問題,設(shè)計了一種按壓式切根裝置,闡述了其主要結(jié)構(gòu)與工作機理。通過理論計算確定了夾持輸送與切割機構(gòu)作業(yè)參數(shù),構(gòu)建大蒜夾持運動方程和撥輪組動力、變形及切割力學(xué)模型。以鏈輪、撥輪和圓盤刀轉(zhuǎn)速為試驗因素,傷蒜率和切凈率為試驗指標(biāo),利用Design-Expert 8.0.5軟件進(jìn)行回歸與響應(yīng)面分析,構(gòu)建三元二次回歸模型,得到各因素對指標(biāo)值的影響順序。結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)鏈輪、撥輪和圓盤刀轉(zhuǎn)速為107、52、197r/min時,裝置性能最優(yōu),傷蒜率和切凈率分別為0.63%和97.07%。對比鱗莖頂端定位“浮動切根裝置”的最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合,結(jié)果表明,所提出的裝置傷蒜率降低2.15個百分點,切凈率提高3.9個百分點。對優(yōu)化因素進(jìn)行試驗驗證,驗證與優(yōu)化結(jié)果基本一致,滿足大蒜機械化收獲高效切根作業(yè)要求。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problems of low root cutting rate and high bulb damage rate after cutting device in the process of garlic combined harvesting, a root cutting device was designed. The key parts of the root cutting device on garlic combine harvester mainly included clamping conveying mechanism and cutting mechanism. According to the structural characteristics and operation requirements of garlic combine harvester, the bulb and root could be separated automatically in the process of movement with the counter rotating disc cutter and pressing of shifting wheel. The dynamic and deformation model of shifting wheel pair and the mechanical model of root cutting were established to achieve the separation of bulb and root in this process. Taking sprocket speed, shifting wheel speed and disc cutter speed as test factors, taking garlic damage rate and root cutting rate as test index, the mathematical models of response values were established and regression analysis and response surface analysis were carried out. The test results showed that when the speed of sprocket was 107r/min, the speed of paddle wheel was 52r/min and the speed of disc cutter was 197r/min, the performance of root cutting device of combined garlic harvester was the best, with the garlic damage rate of 0.63% and the root cutting rate of 97.07%. The optimization results were verified by tests, and the verification results were basically consistent with the optimization results. The research results could provide a technical reference for further exploring the technology of garlic combine harvester and bulb-root separator.

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侯加林,李超,婁偉,李天華,李玉華,周凱.大蒜聯(lián)合收獲機按壓式切根裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2022,53(10):167-174. HOU Jialin, LI Chao, LOU Wei, LI Tianhua, LI Yuhua, ZHOU Kai. Operation Mechanism Analysis and Test of Press Root Cutting Device for Garlic Combine Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(10):167-174.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-06-24
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-07-31
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