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基于光流注意力網(wǎng)絡(luò)的梅花鹿攻擊行為自動識別方法
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(31972533)


Automatic Recognition Algorithm for Sika Deer Attacking Behaviors Based on Optical Current Attention Network
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    摘要:

    人工養(yǎng)殖的雄性梅花鹿在發(fā)情期間攻擊行為劇增,易造成鹿茸損傷,自動監(jiān)測其攻擊行為能為研究減少攻擊行為提供重要依據(jù)。本文基于注意力機制和長短記憶序列研究了一種光流注意力網(wǎng)絡(luò)(Optical flow attention attacking recognition network, OAAR),對梅花鹿的攻擊、采食、躺臥、站立行為進(jìn)行識別。OAAR網(wǎng)絡(luò)包括前置網(wǎng)絡(luò)、基礎(chǔ)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和時序網(wǎng)絡(luò),前置網(wǎng)絡(luò)由LK光流算法(Lucas kanade optical flow algorithm)組成,用于提取RGB數(shù)據(jù)光流信息;基礎(chǔ)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中采用自注意力模塊,將ResNet-152網(wǎng)絡(luò)改造為ARNet152(Attention ResNet-152),用于將RGB、光流數(shù)據(jù)集經(jīng)ARNet152提取特征后輸入時序網(wǎng)絡(luò);時序網(wǎng)絡(luò)采用添加注意力模塊的長短記憶序列(Attention long short term network,ALST),并通過分類器輸出行為得分和分類結(jié)果。視頻數(shù)據(jù)集包括10942段,共310574幀,劃分為攻擊、采食、站立和躺臥4個大類,攻擊行為又劃分為撞擊、腳踢和追逐3個小類;訓(xùn)練集、驗證集和測試集比例為3∶1∶1。研究結(jié)果顯示,OAAR模型在測試集上正確率為97.45%、召回率為97.46%、F1值為97.45%,ROC曲線中各類識別效果良好,特征嵌入圖中各類行為特征區(qū)分度較高,各項結(jié)果均優(yōu)于LSTM、雙流I3D和雙流ITSN網(wǎng)絡(luò),具有較好的泛化能力和抗干擾性。在本研究算法基礎(chǔ)上集成的鹿只行為自動識別采集系統(tǒng),為提高梅花鹿養(yǎng)殖生產(chǎn)管理水平和生產(chǎn)效率提供了技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。

    Abstract:

    Aggressive attacking behaviors of artificial rearing male sika deer on heat period are increased dramatically, which causes damages to deer’s antlers and even deer themselves. Automatic monitoring of their aggressive attacking behaviors can provide an important basis for the research to reduce them. A dual-stream neural network (optical flow attention attacking recognition network, OAAR) was proposed, which was based on the attention mechanism and long-short memory sequences. It was used to achieve automatic recognition and detection of sika deer behaviors, including attacking, feeding, lying down, and standing. The OAAR network consisted of a per-network, a base network, and a time-sequential network. The pre-network consisted of the LK optical flow algorithm(lucas kanade optical flow algorithm), which was used to extract the information from the RGB data. In the base network, a self-attentive module was added to the ResNet-152 to build a new design ARNet152 (Attention ResNet-152), which was used to combine the RGB and optical flow information, extract the features, and input them into the time-sequential network. The time-sequential network was based on an attention long short term network (ALST), which was composed of an attention long-short memory sequence that can classify the behavior and give scores. The experimental dataset was composed of 10942 video segments, with a total of 310574 frames, which were divided into four major categories of behaviors, including aggression, foraging, standing, and lying. From the aggressive behaviors, three sub-categories were further divided, including hitting, kicking, and chasing. The training, validation, and test sets were divided at a ratio of 3∶1∶1. The results of the study showed that the OAAR model reached an accuracy of 97.45%, a recall rate of 97.46%, and an F1 value of 97.45% on the test set, and good classification results in ROC curves and improved discrimination in feature embedding maps. All the results of OAAR were better than the results of LSTM, I3D, and ITSN networks. Meanwhile, the online deer behavior identification and recording system based on the OAAR network was developed to improve the management level and production efficiency of the sika deer farming industry.

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高云,侯鵬飛,熊家軍,許學(xué)林,陳斌,李康.基于光流注意力網(wǎng)絡(luò)的梅花鹿攻擊行為自動識別方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2022,53(10):261-270. GAO Yun, HOU Pengfei, XIONG Jiajun, XU Xuelin, CHEN Bin, LI Kang. Automatic Recognition Algorithm for Sika Deer Attacking Behaviors Based on Optical Current Attention Network[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(10):261-270.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-11-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-02-17
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