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河套灌區(qū)典型區(qū)土壤水-地下水動(dòng)態(tài)與轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51769024、51879132)和人才引進(jìn)優(yōu)秀博士科研項(xiàng)目(NDYB2017-34)


Dynamic and Transformation Relationship between Soil Water and Groundwater in Typical Areas of Hetao Irrigation District
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    摘要:

    為確定限制引水背景下河套灌區(qū)土壤水-地下水動(dòng)態(tài)及其轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系,為優(yōu)化農(nóng)田水管理策略提供理論依據(jù),選取河套灌區(qū)典型斗渠區(qū)域,基于2年土壤水、地下水的監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù),分析在不同作物種植區(qū)、不同灌溉期的農(nóng)田土壤水、地下水的動(dòng)態(tài)變化規(guī)律。運(yùn)用水量平衡法對(duì)地下水淺埋區(qū)農(nóng)田土壤水與地下水的轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系進(jìn)行定量研究,結(jié)果表明:生育期內(nèi)農(nóng)田土壤水分變化屬于“灌溉降水入滲補(bǔ)充-騰發(fā)消耗型”;受灌溉影響,不同時(shí)期地下水埋深動(dòng)態(tài)具有顯著的灌溉型特征,土壤水滲漏補(bǔ)給地下水明顯抬升地下水位,地下水排水和潛水蒸發(fā)又降低地下水位;在作物生育期內(nèi),土壤水與地下水進(jìn)行雙向補(bǔ)給,且不同時(shí)期具有不同的轉(zhuǎn)化特征;研究區(qū)2年生育期內(nèi)灌溉降水補(bǔ)給土壤水分別為544.56mm和541.85mm,平均騰發(fā)量為465.5mm和434.8mm,土壤儲(chǔ)水量減少61.96mm和63.1mm,土壤水補(bǔ)給地下水為207.73mm和236.94mm。研究可為當(dāng)?shù)丶跋嘟貐^(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)水灌溉提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。

    Abstract:

    Aiming to determine the soil water-groundwater dynamics and their transformation relationship in the Hetao Irrigation District under the background of restricted water diversion, so as to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing farmland water management strategies, a typical bucket canal area in Hetao Irrigation District was selected, and the dynamic changes of farmland soil water in different crop planting areas and groundwater in different irrigation periods were analyzed based on the monitoring data of soil water and groundwater in two years. Using soil water balance to quantitatively study the transformation relationship between farmland soil water and groundwater in shallow groundwater areas, the results showed that the change of farmland soil moisture during the growth period belonged to the “irrigation precipitation infiltration supplement-evapotranspiration type”; it was different due to irrigation. The dynamics of groundwater depth during the period had significant characteristics, and the groundwater depth fluctuated drastically with the leakage of soil moisture in the farmland; during the growth period of crops, soil water and groundwater were recharged in both directions, and different periods had different transformation characteristics; the internal irrigation and precipitation replenish soil water were 544.56mm and 541.85mm in 2a growth periods, respectively. The average evapotranspiration in the study area was 465.5mm and 434.8mm, respectively, the soil water storage was reduced by 61.96mm and 63.1mm, respectively, and the soil water replenishing groundwater was 207.73mm and 236.94mm, respectively. The research results can provide a scientific basis for agricultural water-saving irrigation in the local and similar areas.

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張文聰,史海濱,李仙岳,李禎,周慧,王維剛.河套灌區(qū)典型區(qū)土壤水-地下水動(dòng)態(tài)與轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(10):352-362. ZHANG Wencong, SHI Haibin, LI Xianyue, LI Zhen, ZHOU Hui, WANG Weigang. Dynamic and Transformation Relationship between Soil Water and Groundwater in Typical Areas of Hetao Irrigation District[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(10):352-362.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-11-16
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-12-10
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