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弧形鴨嘴式大蒜正芽播種機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金青年科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51805306)和杭州職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院高層次人才科研啟動(dòng)項(xiàng)目(HZYGCC202103)


Design and Test of Arc Duck-billed Garlic Seed Planter
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    摘要:

    為解決大蒜正芽播種問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了弧形鴨嘴式型大蒜正芽播種機(jī),主要由單粒取種裝置、鱗芽方向控制裝置、直立下栽裝置、傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)以及機(jī)架、地輪等部分組成,可一次完成取種、換向、直立栽種和鎮(zhèn)壓作業(yè)。根據(jù)大蒜鱗芽外形尺寸參數(shù),對(duì)播種機(jī)關(guān)鍵零部件進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),設(shè)計(jì)了符合大蒜鱗芽外形尺寸分布的大、中、小3級(jí)取種勺;設(shè)計(jì)了弧形開(kāi)口換向器,使芽尖彎曲大蒜鱗芽芽尖盡可能露出換向器;設(shè)計(jì)了中間軸隨驅(qū)動(dòng)圓盤(pán)同時(shí)旋轉(zhuǎn)的直立下栽機(jī)構(gòu),實(shí)現(xiàn)11行下栽鴨嘴同時(shí)穩(wěn)定作業(yè),與弧形換向器配合實(shí)現(xiàn)芽尖不小于6mm大蒜鱗芽的正芽。以蒼山四六瓣蒜和金鄉(xiāng)雜交蒜為試驗(yàn)對(duì)象,進(jìn)行田間播種性能試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明:行走速度在0.14~0.19m/s范圍內(nèi),金鄉(xiāng)雜交蒜的正芽率達(dá)到85%左右,蒼山四六瓣蒜的正芽率達(dá)到90%左右,單粒率均達(dá)到93%以上,整體滿足大蒜播種農(nóng)藝要求。

    Abstract:

    The garlic aligning bud seeder, composed of single seed picking device, scale bud direction control device, vertical planting device, transmission system, frame, ground wheel and other parts, was designed in order to solve the problem of garlic aligning bud seeding. It can complete seed picking, reversing, vertical planting and suppression operations at one time. According to the dimension parameters of garlic scale bud, the key parts of the planter were optimized, mainly including the development of large, medium and small seed picking spoons according to the dimension distribution of garlic scale bud. A curved opening commutator was designed to make the bud tip of garlic scale bend and expose the commutator as much as possible. The vertical planting mechanism with the middle shaft rotating simultaneously with the driving disk was designed to realize the simultaneous stable operation of the duck tip in 11 rows, and to realize the normal bud with the bud tip no shorter than 6mm with the arc commutator. Taking the ‘Cangshan’ garlic and ‘Jinxiang’ hybrid garlic as experimental subjects, the field seeding performance test was carried out on the seeder. The results showed that when the walking speed was in the range of 0.14~0.19m/s, the normal bud rate of ‘Jinxiang’ hybrid garlic was about 85%, while the ‘Cangshan’ garlic was about 90%, and the single grain rate was more than 93%, which met the agronomic requirements of garlic sowing.

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崔榮江,王小瑜,信嘉程,孫良,武傳宇.弧形鴨嘴式大蒜正芽播種機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(11):120-130. CUI Rongjiang, WANG Xiaoyu, XIN Jiacheng, SUN Liang, WU Chuanyu. Design and Test of Arc Duck-billed Garlic Seed Planter[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(11):120-130.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-12-12
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-11-10
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