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基于深度學習的青梅品質智能分選技術與裝備研究
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江蘇省農業(yè)科技自主創(chuàng)新資金項目(CX(18)3071)


Technology and Equipment Research of Green Plum Quality Intelligent Sorting Based on Deep Learning
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    摘要:

    青梅內外品質對其精深加工過程有重要影響,常規(guī)人工分選不僅分級效率較低,且受個人主觀因素影響難以實現(xiàn)標準化作業(yè),不能滿足市場需求。以深度學習技術為基礎,在青梅外表缺陷分類方面,將Vision Transformer網(wǎng)絡模型應用到機器視覺系統(tǒng)中,引入多頭注意力機制,提升全局特征表示能力,并通過softmax函數(shù)減少梯度,實現(xiàn)青梅表面的多類(腐爛、裂紋、疤痕、雨斑、完好5類)檢測分選,結果表明其平均判別準確率達到99.16%,其中腐爛、疤痕、裂紋以及完好青梅圖像的判別準確率達到100%、雨斑達到97.38%,每組平均測試時間為100.59ms;該網(wǎng)絡的各類判別準確率、平均判別準確率均明顯優(yōu)于VGG網(wǎng)絡、ResNet-18網(wǎng)絡。青梅內部品質(SSC)預測方面,基于高光譜成像技術,結合低秩張量恢復(LRTR)的去噪優(yōu)勢和堆疊卷積自動編碼器(SCAE)的降維優(yōu)勢,構建了LRTR-SCAE-PLSR青梅糖度預測模型。結果表明網(wǎng)絡規(guī)模為119-90-55-36時,模型預測集相關系數(shù)為 0.9654,均方根誤差為0.5827%,表現(xiàn)最佳;通過SCAE、LRTR-SCAE兩種降維模型對比,LRTR-SCAE模型不僅維度更低,預測集相關系數(shù)也明顯提高,驗證了LRTR-SCAE模型的降維去噪優(yōu)勢。設計并搭建了可用于青梅內外品質無損分選的智能裝備,整機尺寸小,結構簡單,分選結果滿足青梅精深加工需求。

    Abstract:

    The internal and external quality of green plum has an important impact on its processing process. Conventional manual sorting not only has low classification efficiency, but also is difficult to realize standardized operation due to personal subjective factors, which can not meet the market requirements. In the aspect of defect classification, based on deep learning technology the vision transformer network was used in machine vision system, which introduced multihead self-attention to improve the global feature representation ability, and reduce the gradient through the softmax function to realize the detection and sorting of multiple categories (rot, crack, scar, spot and normal) on the surface of green plum. The results showed that the discrimination accuracy of rot, scar, crack and normal plum images reached 100%, spot reached 97.38%, the average discrimination accuracy was 99.16%, and the average test time of each group was 100.59ms. The discrimination accuracy and average discrimination accuracy of this network were significantly better than VGG and ResNet-18 network. In terms of internal quality (SSC) prediction of green plum, based on hyperspectral imaging technology, the LRTR-SCAE-PLSR prediction model of green plum was constructed by combining the denoising advantages of LRTR and the dimensionality reduction advantages of SCAE. The results showed that when the network scale was 119-90-55-36, RP was 0.9654 and RMSEP was 0.5827%. By comparing the two dimensionality reduction models of SCAE and LRTR-SCAE, LRTR-SCAE model not only had lower dimensions, but also significantly improved the correlation coefficient of prediction set, which verified the dimensionality reduction and denoising advantages of LRTR-SCAE model. An intelligent equipment for nondestructive sorting of internal and external quality of green plum was designed and built. The whole machine had small size and simple structure. The sorting results met the requirements of green plum deep processing.

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張曉,莊子龍,劉英,王旭.基于深度學習的青梅品質智能分選技術與裝備研究[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(11):402-411. ZHANG Xiao, ZHUANG Zilong, LIU Ying, WANG Xu. Technology and Equipment Research of Green Plum Quality Intelligent Sorting Based on Deep Learning[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(11):402-411.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-05-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-11-10
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