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無驅(qū)動式自動調(diào)平水田埋稈起漿整地機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0300909-03)和中央高校基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(2021TC011)


Design and Experiment of Undriven Soil Puddling Machine with Improved Auto-leveling and Straw-burying Design for Paddy Field
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    摘要:

    為解決東北稻區(qū)秸稈全量還田條件下,現(xiàn)有驅(qū)動式攪漿機(jī)存在動力消耗大、嚴(yán)重破壞土壤結(jié)構(gòu)并使得秸稈漂浮等問題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種無驅(qū)動式自動調(diào)平水田埋稈起漿整地機(jī),機(jī)具前排星形耙片細(xì)碎土壤并掩埋秸稈,后排軋滾進(jìn)一步碎土埋稈,平地裝置平整地表,由電液控制系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)自動調(diào)平,能夠?yàn)樗静逖碜鳂I(yè)創(chuàng)造優(yōu)良地塊條件。通過理論分析和優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),確定了優(yōu)化后星形耙片的各項(xiàng)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和排列方式;設(shè)計(jì)了帶有齒板和刀齒的軋滾,傾斜布置的齒板和直立的刀齒分別對土壤進(jìn)行橫向與縱向的滑切,可提高碎土埋稈效果;改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)了平地板,〖JP2〗確定了板高為150mm,并針對前進(jìn)速度、板寬、推壓角開展了仿真試驗(yàn),得到最優(yōu)工作參數(shù)為:前進(jìn)速度2.4km/h、板寬290mm、推壓角44°;采用中心不動法的調(diào)平策略,設(shè)計(jì)了基于傾角傳感器和PID算法的自動調(diào)平電液控制系統(tǒng),實(shí)現(xiàn)了自動調(diào)平系統(tǒng)的快速平穩(wěn)控制。田間試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,整機(jī)作業(yè)后地表平整度為0.73cm,秸稈覆蓋率為91.4%,壓茬深度為5.98cm,泥漿度為1.18g/cm3,機(jī)具各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)均優(yōu)于國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn),該設(shè)計(jì)可為東北稻區(qū)秸稈全量還田條件下水整地機(jī)具研究提供參考。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problem that the existing driven pulping machine has too much power consumption, seriously damages the soil structure and lets the straw float under the condition of returning the straw to the field in the northeast rice area, an undriven soil puddling machine with improved automatic-leveling and strawburying functions was designed for paddy rice field. The machine consisted of a rack, a star rake group, a rolling roll, a leveling device and a flat device. The star rake in the front can finely crush the soil and bury the straw, and the rolling in the back can further finely crush the soil and press bury the straw. The flat device can level the surface, and the electro-hydraulic control system can automatically level the ground, which can create excellent plot conditions for rice transplanting operation. Through theoretical analysis and optimization design, the structural parameters and arrangement of the star-shaped rake were determined. The rolling roller was equipped with tooth plate and cutter tooth, and the tooth plate with inclined arrangement and the cutter tooth with upright were used to cut the soil laterally and longitudinally respectively, which can improve the effect of burying straw in fine soil. The flat floor was improved and the height of the flat floor was determined to be 150mm. Simulation tests were carried out on the forward speed, plate width and pushing angle. The optimal working parameters of the flat floor were obtained as follows: forward speed was 2.4km/h, plate width was 290mm and pushing angle was 44°. Electronic hydraulic control system of automatic leveling based on inclination sensor and PID algorithm was designed by using the center stationary leveling strategy, which realized the fast and stable control of the automatic leveling system. Filed experimental results showed that the surface flatness of the whole machine after operation was 0.73cm, the straw coverage rate was 91.4%, the stubble depth was 5.98cm, and the slush degree was 1.18g/cm3. The indicators of the machine and tools were better than the national standards. The design can provide a reference for the research of the water ground preparation machine and tools under the condition of full straw returning to the field in northeast rice region.

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王曉燕,鄧博,譚丁煬,籍云鵬,李洪文,王慶杰.無驅(qū)動式自動調(diào)平水田埋稈起漿整地機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2022,53(12):20-31. WANG Xiaoyan, DENG Bo, TAN Dingyang, JI Yunpeng, LI Hongwen, WANG Qingjie. Design and Experiment of Undriven Soil Puddling Machine with Improved Auto-leveling and Straw-burying Design for Paddy Field[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(12):20-31.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-09-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-10-15
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