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油菜收獲清選篩面物料勻散導流裝置設計與試驗
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中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學院科技創(chuàng)新工程重大科研任務項目(CAAS-ZDRW202105)、國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2021YFD2000502)、中央級公益性科研院所基本科研業(yè)務費專項資金項目(S202102-02、S202102-01)和財政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術體系項目(CARS-12)


Design and Experiments of Material Uniform Dispersion and Diversion Device on Cleaning Screen Surface for Oilseed Harvesting
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    摘要:

    針對長江流域油菜主產(chǎn)區(qū)普遍使用的履帶式油菜聯(lián)合收獲機進行高密高產(chǎn)油菜收獲時清選篩面脫出物易堆積,影響油菜籽粒透篩,導致清選損失率高和作業(yè)效率低的問題,通過分析清選過程中物料拋散運動規(guī)律,設計了篩面物料勻散導流裝置,確定了影響清選系統(tǒng)作業(yè)性能的裝置關鍵結構與作業(yè)參數(shù)。構建了清選系統(tǒng)CFD-DEM耦合仿真分析模型,采用二次回歸正交組合試驗方法,探究了導流桿擺動頻率、導流桿轉速、驅動關節(jié)滑槽傾角對清選損失率、清選含雜率的影響,確定了最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合。仿真試驗結果表明,各因素對損失率和含雜率均具有顯著影響,其中以導流桿擺動頻率影響最顯著,最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合為導流桿擺動頻率12.5Hz、導流桿轉速120r/min、滑槽傾角20°?;趦?yōu)化后的參數(shù)進行臺架試驗,結果表明,在相同的大喂入量條件下,增設篩面勻散導流裝置后清選損失率為3.97%,含雜率3.71%,對比原清選系統(tǒng)損失率降低49.8%,含雜率降低34.7%,能夠滿足高密高產(chǎn)油菜的低損高效清選作業(yè)要求。

    Abstract:

    To solve the problem that the threshed outputs on the sieve surface of the crawler-type rape combine harvester commonly used in the main oilseed rape producing areas in the Yangtze River basin is prone to accumulation and stagnation when harvesting high-density and high-yield rape, which affects the penetration of oilseeds through the sieve and leads to a high loss rate and low operating efficiency, an uniform dispersion diversion device for material movement on the sieve surface was designed by analyzing the material dispersion movement law during the cleaning process, and the key operating and structural parameters of the device that affect the operating performance of the cleaning system were determined. Based on the coupling method of CFD-DEM, a quadratic regression orthogonal combination test method was used to carry out parameter combination simulation optimization test with oscillation frequency of diversion rod, rotation speed of diversion rod and drive joint chute inclination angle as test factors, and cleaning loss rate and cleaning impurity rate as performance evaluation indexes. The results showed that each factor had a significant effect on the performance evaluation index, among which the most significant effect was on the oscillation frequency of diversion rod. The optimal combination of parameters was oscillation frequency as 12.5Hz, rotation speed as 120r/min, and chute inclination angle as 20°. Based on the optimized parameters, the results of the bench test showed that under the same high feeding condition, the cleaning loss rate after the configuration of the device was 3.97%, which was 49.8% lower than that of the original cleaning system, and the impurity rate was 3.71%, which was 34.7% lower. The results showed that the optimal cleaning system could meet the requirements of the crawler combine harvester for the low-loss and high-efficiency cleaning operation of high-density and high-yield rape. The research results can provide reference for the design and improvement of cleaning system for oilseed harvesting.

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江濤,李海同,關卓懷,沐森林,吳崇友,張敏.油菜收獲清選篩面物料勻散導流裝置設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2023,54(1):146-158. JIANG Tao, LI Haitong, GUAN Zhuohuai, MU Senlin, WU Chongyou, ZHANG Min. Design and Experiments of Material Uniform Dispersion and Diversion Device on Cleaning Screen Surface for Oilseed Harvesting[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(1):146-158.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-07-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-01-10
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