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曲軸擺缸式閥配流水液壓馬達工作特性研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51675519、U1910212)和徐州市科技計劃項目(KC21002)


Working Characteristics of Crankshaft Swing Cylinder Water Hydraulic Motor with Flow Distribution Valve
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    摘要:

    為解決盤配流和軸配流低速大扭矩水液壓馬達配流副存在的磨損和泄漏問題,提出一種新型閥配流結(jié)構(gòu)的低速大扭矩水液壓馬達,柱塞配流通過配流凸輪控制配流閥的通斷實現(xiàn)。研究柱塞運動學(xué)規(guī)律和馬達輸出扭矩形成,揭示配流閥推桿位移、閥芯通斷、柱塞進回液間的對應(yīng)關(guān)系,分析馬達角排量波動隨轉(zhuǎn)角、結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計參數(shù)K的變化規(guī)律,當(dāng)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計參數(shù)K為0.13時,馬達輸出扭矩波動率為6.59%。在AMESim中建立了配流閥及單柱塞配流過程的仿真模型,分析配流閥的工作特性及單柱塞動態(tài)配流性能,工作中配流閥產(chǎn)生最大壓降為0.08MPa,進/回液配流閥無高低壓串液。為驗證閥配流結(jié)構(gòu)在水液壓馬達中的工作性能,建立閥配流單柱塞試驗臺,并研究不同工況下的配流工作特性。試驗結(jié)果表明,配流閥在馬達轉(zhuǎn)速0~60r/min、壓力0~21MPa的工況下穩(wěn)定配流,進液閥口壓力在柱塞腔進回液轉(zhuǎn)換時存在瞬間小幅壓力波動,但對配流過程基本無影響,閥配流結(jié)構(gòu)能夠滿足曲軸擺缸式馬達柱塞的配流需求,為低速大扭矩水液壓馬達的配流提供了思路。

    Abstract:

    Low speed and high torque water hydraulic motor is widely used in environmental protection and explosion-proof working conditions, such as coal mine, underwater action, military explosion-proof construction, etc. However, the low viscosity of water leads to serious wear and leakage of flow port pair in traditional motor with plate and shaft flow distribution. A type of water hydraulic motor with valve flow distribution structure was proposed and the piston flow distribution was realized by controlling onoff of valve through distribution cam. The kinematics of piston and motor output torque were theoretically calculated, and the corresponding relationship among push rod of flow distribution valve, valve core on-off and piston flow distribution states was revealed. The variation law of motor angular displacement fluctuation with angle and structure parameter K was analyzed. When structure design parameter K was 0.13, the fluctuation rate of motor torque was 6.59%. The simulation model of single piston with valve flow distribution was established in AMESim. Simulation results indicated that the maximum pressure drop of valve in flow distribution process was 0.08MPa. In single piston flow distribution, the valve port pressure responded quickly without high-pressure and low-pressure liquid connection. To verify the working performance of valve flow distribution in water hydraulic motor, a single piston with valve flow distribution test bench was established, and the working characteristics of valve under different working conditions were studied. The experimental results showed that the valve was stable under the working conditions of motor speed of 0~60r/min and pressure of 0~21.MPa. The pump outlet pressure fluctuated slightly when flow distribution state of piston chamber was switched, which had little effect on flow distribution process. The valve flow distribution structure can meet the flow distribution demand of crankshaft piston motor with swing cylinder. The relative sliding of the traditional motor flow port pair under water lubrication was converted into the valve on-off, which provided an idea for flow distribution of the water hydraulic motor with low speed and high torque.

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滿家祥,趙繼云,王云飛,黃笛,劉磊,于鳴泉.曲軸擺缸式閥配流水液壓馬達工作特性研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2023,54(1):450-458. MAN Jiaxiang, ZHAO Jiyun, WANG Yunfei, HUANG Di, LIU Lei, YU Mingquan. Working Characteristics of Crankshaft Swing Cylinder Water Hydraulic Motor with Flow Distribution Valve[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(1):450-458.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-09-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-01-10
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