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農(nóng)田精準(zhǔn)平整過程中三維地形實時測量方法研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(32101623、32071913)、廣東省科技計劃項目(2021B1212040009)和國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項目(CARS-13)


Real-time 3D Terrain Measurement Method and Experiment in Farmland Leveling
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    為提高農(nóng)田平整作業(yè)過程中平后區(qū)域田面地形實時測量精度,本文提出一種農(nóng)田精準(zhǔn)平整過程中三維地形實時測量方法(Real-time 3D terrain measurement, Rt3DTM)。以安裝有GNSS雙天線和姿態(tài)傳感器的支撐輪式旱地平地機為地形測量平臺,利用卡爾曼濾波器融合GNSS與加速度提高定位精度,通過建立平地鏟運動學(xué)模型獲得支撐輪底點的車體坐標(biāo),結(jié)合平地鏟位姿信息對支撐輪底點進(jìn)行世界坐標(biāo)解算,并利用最鄰近插值法生成地形圖。靜態(tài)試驗表明,Rt3DTM方法能準(zhǔn)確解算支撐輪底點坐標(biāo),平面測量均方根誤差小于10mm,高程測量均方根誤差不大于20mm。水泥路面試驗結(jié)果表明,在3組不同車速下測量同一段水泥路面三維地形,與真值的高差均方根誤差均小于30mm。田間試驗結(jié)果表明,Rt3DTM測量的高程均方根誤差為16.5mm,平整度為16mm,小于30mm的高差分布列為95.8%,相比機載GNSS測量方法的均方根誤差準(zhǔn)確性提高29.5%,平整度準(zhǔn)確性提高11.1%,高差分布列準(zhǔn)確性提高9.5%。提出的Rt3DTM方法能實時準(zhǔn)確地獲取平整作業(yè)過程中平后區(qū)域的地形信息,為無人化農(nóng)田平整實時路徑規(guī)劃研究提供基礎(chǔ)。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the real-time measurement accuracy of field surface topography in the area behind the leveling in the process of farmland leveling operation, a real-time measurement method of 3D topography in the process of farmland precision leveling was proposed.Using a supported-wheel dryland grader installed with GNSS dual antennas and attitude sensors as a terrain measurement platform, the Kalman filter was firstly used to fuse GNSS and acceleration to improve the positioning accuracy and frequency, and then the vehicle coordinates of the bottom point of the supported wheel were obtained by establishing the kinematic model of the grader, and finally the geodetic coordinates of the bottom point of the supported wheel were solved by combining the information of the position of grader and the topographic map was generated by using the nearest neighbor interpolation method.The test verification showed that this method can accurately solve the coordinates of the bottom point of the support wheel, and the root mean square error of the plane measurement was less than 10mm, and the root mean square error of the elevation deviation was not more than 20mm.The test results of cement pavement showed that the root mean square error of the elevation difference between the measured value and the true value was less than 30mm when the three-dimensional terrain of the same section of cement pavement was measured at three different speeds.The field test results showed that the root mean square error of the measured terrain was 16.5mm,flatness was 16mm, and the elevation difference distribution less than 30mm was 95.8%. Compared with the airborne GNSS measurement method, the root mean square error accuracy was improved by 29.5%, flatness accuracy was improved by 11.1%, and height difference distribution column accuracy was improved by 9.5%.The method proposed can obtain the topographic information of the area behind the leveling in real time and accurately during the leveling operation, and provide a basis for the research of real-time path planning of unmanned farmland leveling.

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汪沛,馮達(dá)文,陳高隆,何杰,胡煉,彭靖怡.農(nóng)田精準(zhǔn)平整過程中三維地形實時測量方法研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2023,54(3):41-48. WANG Pei, FENG Dawen, CHEN Gaolong, HE Jie, HU Lian, PENG Jingyi. Real-time 3D Terrain Measurement Method and Experiment in Farmland Leveling[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(3):41-48.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-11-28
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-03-10
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