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蔬菜缽苗移栽機(jī)開溝式多桿植苗機(jī)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計與試驗
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(32171899)


Optimization Design and Experiments of Ditching Multi-bar Seedling Planting Mechanism
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    摘要:

    針對導(dǎo)苗管式蔬菜缽苗植苗機(jī)構(gòu)高速植苗時合格率不穩(wěn)定的問題,設(shè)計了一種具有扶苗和推苗作用的開溝式多桿植苗機(jī)構(gòu),并分析了該機(jī)構(gòu)的工作原理,建立了運動學(xué)模型;以運動學(xué)模型為理論基礎(chǔ),利用Matlab開發(fā)了植苗機(jī)構(gòu)輔助分析軟件;結(jié)合缽苗栽植農(nóng)藝要求建立優(yōu)化目標(biāo),應(yīng)用輔助分析軟件及遺傳算法工具箱優(yōu)化得到滿足要求的最佳機(jī)構(gòu)參數(shù);以此參數(shù)完成了結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和三維建模,并進(jìn)行了虛擬仿真分析,驗證了植苗機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計的正確性;設(shè)計植苗機(jī)構(gòu)物理樣機(jī)并開展了半自動和全自動蔬菜缽苗植苗試驗。試驗結(jié)果表明,栽植速度不高于90株/min時,栽植合格率均達(dá)到95%以上;栽植速度為120株/min時,栽植合格率超過89%,表明該機(jī)構(gòu)能較好地完成植苗作業(yè)。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem that the qualified rate is not easy to ensure when the seedling guiding tube planting mechanism is planted at high speed, a ditching multi-bar seedling planting mechanism with seedling pushing and supporting function was designed. The working principle of the planting mechanism was analyzed, and then the kinematics model of the mechanism was established. Based on the kinematics model, an aided-analysis and optimization software of the seedling planting mechanism was developed by using Matlab. According to the seedling planting requirements, the optimization objective was established, and the optimal mechanism parameters were obtained by the software and the Matlab genetic algorithm toolbox. With these parameters, the structure design and 3D modeling were completed, and the virtual simulation analysis was carried out to verify the correctness of design of the mechanism. The physical prototype of the seedling planting mechanism was manufactured, and the semi-automatic and automatic vegetable plug seedling planting experiments were carried out. The results showed that when the planting speed was not higher than 90 plants/min, the qualified rates were more than 95%;when the planting speed was 120 plants/min, the qualified rates remained above 89%, which indicated that the mechanism was feasible for the seedling planting operation. The design provided a reference for the study of vegetable plug seedling transplanting machine.

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周海麗,楊偉,俞高紅,王斌,葉秉良.蔬菜缽苗移栽機(jī)開溝式多桿植苗機(jī)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2023,54(3):79-86. ZHOU Haili, YANG Wei, YU Gaohong, WANG Bin, YE Bingliang. Optimization Design and Experiments of Ditching Multi-bar Seedling Planting Mechanism[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(3):79-86.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-07-27
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-03-10
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