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油莎豆收獲機(jī)雙層滾筒篩式果雜分離裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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吉林省科技發(fā)展計劃項目(20200502007NC)和吉林大學(xué)研究生創(chuàng)新基金項目(2022127)


Design and Experiment of Double-deck Roller Sieve Type Fruit Impurity Separation Device for Tiger Nut Harvester
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    摘要:

    針對油莎豆機(jī)械化收獲過程中塊莖(果)與土壤草團(tuán)(雜質(zhì))分離不徹底導(dǎo)致收獲損失率與含雜率較高的問題,設(shè)計了一種雙層滾筒篩式果雜分離裝置,通過理論分析確定了該裝置的主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)與工作參數(shù)。建立了分離裝置-收獲物料互作的EDEM-MBD耦合仿真模型,以雙層滾筒篩轉(zhuǎn)速、分離螺旋輸送器轉(zhuǎn)速、柔性齒段長度為試驗因素,以塊莖分離率和含雜率為試驗指標(biāo),依據(jù)Box-Behnken試驗原理開展三因素三水平仿真試驗。對試驗結(jié)果進(jìn)行方差分析,建立了分離率、含雜率與各顯著因素之間的回歸模型,利用回歸模型進(jìn)行參數(shù)尋優(yōu),結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)雙層滾筒篩轉(zhuǎn)速24.9r/min、分離螺旋輸送器轉(zhuǎn)速為148.5r/min、柔性齒段長度為1277.8mm時,分離率最大,為96.23%,含雜率最小,為25.55%。田間驗證試驗結(jié)果表明:最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合下的果雜分離裝置平均分離率為93.19%,平均含雜率為26.65%,與回歸模型尋優(yōu)結(jié)果基本一致;果雜分離裝置與清選裝置聯(lián)合使用時,分離率增加1.05個百分點,含雜率降低9.97個百分點,可滿足油莎豆收獲生產(chǎn)需求。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem of high loss rate and high impurity rate of tubers due to incomplete fruit impurity separation during the mechanised harvesting of tiger nuts, a double-deck roller sieve type fruit impurity separation device was designed. The main structure and working parameters of the fruit impurity separation device were determined through theoretical analysis. A coupled EDEM-MBD simulation model of separation device-harvest material interactions was established. A three-factor, three-level simulation experiment was carried out based on the Box-Behnken test principle, using the rotation speed of the double-deck roller sieve, the rotation speed of the separation auger, and the length of the flexible tooth area as test factors, and tuber separation rate and impurity rate as test indicators. An ANOVA was conducted on the test results and a regression model was established between the separation rate, impurity rate and each significant factor, and the regression model was used to search for the best parameters. The results showed that the three factors all had significant effects (P<0.01) on the separation rate and the impurity rate;when the rotating speed of the double-deck roller sieve was 24.9r/min, the rotating speed of the separation auger was 148.5r/min and the length of the flexible tooth area was 1277.8mm, the maximum separation rate was 96.23% and the minimum impurity rate was 25.55%. The results of the field validation tests showed that the average separation rate of the fruit impurity separation device under the best combination of parameters was 93.19% and the average impurity rate was 26.65%, which were basically consistent with the optimal results of the regression model;when the fruit impurity separation device was used in combination with the cleaning device, the separation rate was increased by 1.05 percentage points and the impurity rate was reduced by 9.97 percentage points, which could meet the working requirements of the tiger nut harvester.

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張勝偉,張瑞雨,曹慶秋,張巖,付君,袁洪方.油莎豆收獲機(jī)雙層滾筒篩式果雜分離裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2023,54(3):148-157. ZHANG Shengwei, ZHANG Ruiyu, CAO Qingqiu, ZHANG Yan, FU Jun, YUAN Hongfang. Design and Experiment of Double-deck Roller Sieve Type Fruit Impurity Separation Device for Tiger Nut Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(3):148-157.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-11-08
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-03-10
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