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驅(qū)導(dǎo)組合槽輔助附種氣吸式花生高速精量排種器研究
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山東省重大科技創(chuàng)新工程項(xiàng)目(2021CXGC010813)和青島農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)研究生創(chuàng)新計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(QNYCX21072)


Drive-guided Combination Slot-assisted Seed-attached Air-absorbing Peanut High-speed Precision Seed Meter
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)現(xiàn)有氣吸式排種器在進(jìn)行花生高速播種作業(yè)時(shí)重播、漏播現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重等問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了一款驅(qū)導(dǎo)組合槽輔助附種氣吸式高速精量排種器,在設(shè)計(jì)排種盤(pán)時(shí)將攪種凹槽、取種槽口、吸種型孔組合設(shè)計(jì)構(gòu)成組合槽,實(shí)現(xiàn)擾種、驅(qū)種、輔助附種作用,保證高速作業(yè)時(shí)的排種性能。通過(guò)理論建模分析驗(yàn)證了排種盤(pán)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的合理性并初步完成了關(guān)鍵參數(shù)的確定,借助離散元仿真軟件對(duì)種群運(yùn)移情況受關(guān)鍵參數(shù)的影響規(guī)律進(jìn)行了分析,并進(jìn)行了二因素五水平二次正交旋轉(zhuǎn)組合試驗(yàn),對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化;得出攪種凹槽、取種槽口尺寸及作業(yè)速度均會(huì)對(duì)排種性能造成顯著影響,并得出最優(yōu)排種器參數(shù)組合:攪種凹槽深度3mm、基圓半徑70mm;取種槽口左右端面上沿距離24.0mm、下沿距離19.1mm、深度10.5mm、排種盤(pán)外周到取種槽口后端面距離24.0mm。在該參數(shù)組合下,當(dāng)風(fēng)壓為-6kPa、作業(yè)速度為6~12km/h時(shí),粒距合格指數(shù)不小于93.33%,重播指數(shù)不大于3.52%,漏播指數(shù)不大于4.02%,破損指數(shù)不大于0.32%,具有良好的作業(yè)性能。

    Abstract:

    In view of the technical problems of low sowing quality caused by re-sowing and serious leakage of seeds when the existing air-absorbing seed meter was used for high speed sowing operation, a combination of repellent and guide slot auxiliary seed attachment air-absorbing peanut high-speed precision seed meter was designed. The design of the seed discharge performance under high-speed operation was carried out. The theoretical modeling analysis verified the rationality of structure design of the seed discharge disc and initially completed the determination of key parameters. In order to further optimize the size of seed churning recess and seed pick-up slot, the influence of key parameters on seed transport was analyzed with the help of discrete element simulation software, and a two-factor, five-level quadratic orthogonal rotational combination test and regression analysis were conducted to further optimize the structural parameters. The optimal combination of the following parameters was obtained: the depth of the seed churning recess was 3mm, the radius of base circle of churning recess was 70mm, the distance between left and right edges of seed picking slot was 24.0mm, the distance between lower edge of seed picking slot was 19.1mm, the depth of seed picking slot was 10.5mm, and the distance from outer circumference of seeding disc to rear end of seed picking slot was 24.0mm. When the wind pressure was -6kPa and the operating speed was in the range of 6~12km/h, the particle spacing qualification index was no less than 93.33%, the reseeding index was no more than 3.52%, the omission index was no more than 4.02% and the breakage index was no more than 0.32%, which had good operating performance.

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王東偉,紀(jì)瑞琪,何曉寧,郭鵬,時(shí)延鑫,張春曉.驅(qū)導(dǎo)組合槽輔助附種氣吸式花生高速精量排種器研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(5):59-70,149. WANG Dongwei, JI Ruiqi, HE Xiaoning, GUO Peng, SHI Yanxin, ZHANG Chunxiao. Drive-guided Combination Slot-assisted Seed-attached Air-absorbing Peanut High-speed Precision Seed Meter[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(5):59-70,149.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-08-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-05-10
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