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日光溫室前屋面覆蓋物協(xié)調(diào)鋪卷裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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Design and Experiment of Coordinative Operation Device of Covers on Front Roof of Chinese Solar Greenhouse
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    摘要:

    前屋面是實(shí)現(xiàn)日光溫室內(nèi)外環(huán)境溝通的重要構(gòu)建部分,通過控制前屋面覆蓋物狀態(tài)即可達(dá)到控制日光溫室內(nèi)部環(huán)境的目的。保溫卷簾、通風(fēng)卷膜以及遮陽網(wǎng)布作為日光溫室常見的3種主要覆蓋功能材料,在依靠共同前屋面構(gòu)造面實(shí)現(xiàn)鋪卷動作時,存在作業(yè)機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)難以協(xié)調(diào)、自動化程度低等問題。結(jié)合3種覆蓋物鋪卷的功能需求,設(shè)計(jì)其彼此相協(xié)調(diào)的鋪卷裝置,包括外側(cè)鋪卷結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)側(cè)鋪卷結(jié)構(gòu)兩個主要部分以及相配套的覆蓋物協(xié)調(diào)鋪卷控制方法。通過比例縮放的實(shí)體模型和實(shí)地試驗(yàn)相結(jié)合的方法驗(yàn)證了所設(shè)計(jì)日光溫室前屋面覆蓋物協(xié)調(diào)鋪卷裝置可以有效實(shí)現(xiàn)卷簾、卷膜和遮陽網(wǎng)布3種覆蓋物的協(xié)調(diào)鋪卷,且具有較好的控制精度和穩(wěn)定性。模型試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:覆蓋物開度控制的平均相對誤差均小于3.5%,均方根誤差均小于2.0%。覆蓋物鋪卷控制在各個開度下的變異系數(shù)均小于3.0%。而卷簾鋪卷控制裝置在實(shí)地試驗(yàn)中,其開度控制試驗(yàn)結(jié)果的平均相對誤差均小于2.5%,均方根誤差小于1.26%,測試數(shù)據(jù)的變異系數(shù)小于1.0%,也表現(xiàn)出較好的作業(yè)控制精度和穩(wěn)定性。實(shí)地試驗(yàn)和模型試驗(yàn)結(jié)果中的測量數(shù)據(jù)整體變化趨勢相同,進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了裝置模型試驗(yàn)結(jié)果的合理性和整體裝置的實(shí)施可行性。

    Abstract:

    The front roof is an important part of realizing the communication between the internal and external environment of the Chinese solar greenhouse (CSG). The internal environment of CSGs is controlled by the state of the front roof covers in actual production. Three important covers (insulation quilt, transparent film and colored mesh) are laid on the arc-shaped front roof to control the internal environment factor of CSGs, such as the light, temperature and humidity. The rolling and laying of three covers usually rely on the common front roof structure surface. Due to the coincidence of action trajectory range and operation methods, there are problems that interfere with each other and lead to the low degree of automation in the actual production. It is also not conducive to the systematic and intelligent control of CSGs. According to the functional requirements of the three covers, a coordinative operation device was designed. The main research content included two hardware parts (the outer operation structure and the inner operation structure) and their coordinated control method. The specific corresponding transmission structure and the position detection method of covers were emphasized. The key points of this research were verified by experiments of the scaled model and field CSG. The experiments result of the scaled model showed that the mean relative error (MRE) of different opening values of three covers was less than 3.5%, the root mean square error (RMSE) was less than 2.0%. The value of coefficient of variation (CV) of the device was less than 3.0% at each opening point. The outer operation structure also showed good control accuracy and stability in the field experiments, the MRE was less than 2.5%, RMSE was less than 1.26%, and the CV was less than 1.0%. The overall measured experiment results of the scaled model and field CSG showed similar changing trends, which verified the model experiment results and the implementation feasibility of the overall designed device. The research provided a theoretical basis and systematic technical support for the operation of three covers, which was of great practical significance to the automation and intelligent development of the CSG.

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張國祥,張璐,李鑫星,龔志文,董玉紅,馬云飛.日光溫室前屋面覆蓋物協(xié)調(diào)鋪卷裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(5):348-358. ZHANG Guoxiang, ZHANG Lu, LI Xinxing, GONG Zhiwen, DONG Yuhong, MA Yunfei. Design and Experiment of Coordinative Operation Device of Covers on Front Roof of Chinese Solar Greenhouse[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(5):348-358.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-08-19
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-05-10
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