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甘藍(lán)基質(zhì)塊苗移栽機(jī)雙排鏈?zhǔn)皆灾惭b置設(shè)計與試驗
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江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)科技自主創(chuàng)新資金項目(CX[22]3092)、南京市現(xiàn)代農(nóng)機(jī)裝備與技術(shù)創(chuàng)新示范項目(NJ[2022]03)和江蘇現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)項目(JATS[2022]511)


Design and Experiment of Double-row Chain Planting Device for Cabbage Substrate Block Seedlings
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    摘要:

    針對甘藍(lán)傳統(tǒng)栽植裝置存在栽植深淺不一、倒伏率及傷苗率高、影響機(jī)收作業(yè)性能的問題,以甘藍(lán)基質(zhì)塊苗為對象,設(shè)計了一種雙排鏈?zhǔn)皆灾惭b置,通過對該裝置及關(guān)鍵部件進(jìn)行理論分析,確定裝置的工作參數(shù)。搭建甘藍(lán)基質(zhì)塊苗雙排鏈?zhǔn)皆灾惭b置試驗臺,以前進(jìn)速度、栽植頻率、栽植器內(nèi)夾板夾力為試驗因素對倒伏率和傷苗率進(jìn)行三因素五水平二次回歸正交旋轉(zhuǎn)組合試驗:通過Design-Expert 8.0.6軟件建立回歸模型,分析了各因素對指標(biāo)的影響關(guān)系,同時采用響應(yīng)面法對影響因素進(jìn)行了綜合優(yōu)化,得到最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合:前進(jìn)速度1.6km/h、栽植頻率57株/min、內(nèi)夾板夾力91.83N,對應(yīng)倒伏率2.9%、傷苗率2.83%。對參數(shù)組合進(jìn)行臺架試驗驗證,結(jié)果為倒伏率3.13%、傷苗率3.07%,與優(yōu)化結(jié)果基本一致,驗證了所建模型與優(yōu)化參數(shù)的合理性。田間試驗結(jié)果為:倒伏率3.35%、傷苗率3.14%,與兩指標(biāo)的優(yōu)化結(jié)果相對誤差分別為0.45%和0.31%,表明該裝置具有較高的穩(wěn)定性。

    Abstract:

    In view of the problems of different planting depths, high lodging rate and seedling injury rate in traditional cabbage planting devices, which affect the workability of machine harvesting, a double-row chain planting device was designed for cabbage substrate block seedlings, through theoretical analysis of the device and key components, the operating parameters of the device were determined. A double-row chain planting device test bench for cabbage substrate block seedlings was built, and the three-factor five-level quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination test was carried out on lodging rate and seedling injury rate with forward speed, planting frequency, and clamping force of splint in the planter as test factors: through Design-Expert 8.0.6 software, the regression model of each influencing factor on the index was established, and the relationship between influencing factors on the index was analyzed, while the response surface method was used to optimize the influencing factors comprehensively, and the optimal combination of parameters was obtained: forward speed was 1.6km/h, planting frequency was 57 plants/min, internal splint clamping force was 91.83N, corresponding to the lodging rate of 2.9% and seedling injury rate of 2.83%. The combination of parameters was verified by bench test, the lodging rate was 3.13% and the seedling injury rate was 3.07%, which were basically consistent with the optimization results, which verified the rationality of the built model and the optimized parameters. Field test results showed that the lodging rate was 3.35%, the seedling injury rate was 3.14%, and the relative errors with optimized results of the two indicators were 0.45% and 0.31%, indicating that the device had high stability.

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崔志超,管春松,徐陶,付菁菁,陳永生,鄭書河.甘藍(lán)基質(zhì)塊苗移栽機(jī)雙排鏈?zhǔn)皆灾惭b置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2023,54(6):46-54. CUI Zhichao, GUAN Chunsong, XU Tao, FU Jingjing, CHEN Yongsheng, ZHENG Shuhe. Design and Experiment of Double-row Chain Planting Device for Cabbage Substrate Block Seedlings[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(6):46-54.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-09-23
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-11-15
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