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基于浮板結(jié)構(gòu)的植保無人機藥液晃動抑制試驗
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農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)裝備重點實驗室開放項目(HT20160351)、財政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)油菜產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項目(CARS-12)和中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學院創(chuàng)新工程植保機械團隊項目(CAAS-ASTIP-CPMT)


Experimental Investigation of Liquid Sloshing Suppression in Plant Protection UAV Based on Floating Plate Structure
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    摘要:

    植保無人機易因藥液劇烈晃動出現(xiàn)操控困難甚至失穩(wěn)。針對這一問題,并考慮質(zhì)量限制要求,提出了一種液體晃動抑制裝置——彈性約束浮板。搭建晃動力測量系統(tǒng),試驗研究了不同液體深度和激勵頻率下浮板的晃動抑制效果,分析了浮板結(jié)構(gòu)和約束屬性對浮板抑制能力的影響。結(jié)果表明:浮板不受約束時,晃動抑制能力較弱;剛性約束在某一液體深度范圍內(nèi)有良好的抑制能力;彈性約束則擴大了具備良好抑制能力的液體深度范圍。浮板位于液面附近且彈性繩能被浮板牽拉時,即使激勵頻率接近固有頻率,液體晃動力也僅為原來的1/3~1/2。位于液面以下較深位置時,浮板晃動抑制能力基本消失。浮板位置受彈性繩長度影響,需要根據(jù)液體深度變化范圍合理選擇繩索原長。浮板面積越大,晃動抑制效果越好。但在很多工況下,相對較小的浮板也可獲得良好的抑制能力,從而具有更大的靈活性。彈性約束浮板使自由液面的衰減加速,顯著提高了振蕩系統(tǒng)的阻尼比。對于姿態(tài)頻繁變化、藥液易于大幅晃動的植保無人機,彈性約束浮板具有很好的實用價值。

    Abstract:

    The serious liquid sloshing in the medicine tank of plant protection unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) leads to poor flight stability. Aiming at solving this problem, a liquid sloshing restraining device, elastically constrained floating plate, was proposed by taking the weight reduction requirement of UAVs into consideration. A system of liquid sloshing force measurement was constructed based on a six degree of freedom motion simulation platform. A series of tests were conducted to investigate the sloshing suppression effect of the floating plate under various liquid depths and excitation frequencies. The effects of the structural and constraint properties of the floating plate on the sloshing suppression were analyzed. The results were as follows: the sloshing suppression ability was relatively weak when the floating plate was free. A good sloshing suppression ability can be got at a certain range of liquid depths for a rigid constrained floating plate. The range of liquid depths at which the sloshing suppression ability was excellent can be enlarged for an elastically constrained floating plate. When the floating plate was located near the free surface of the liquid and the elastic rope can be pulled by the plate, the liquid sloshing force was only 1/3~1/2 of the original even if the excitation frequency was near the natural frequency. However, the sloshing suppression ability basically disappeared when the floating plate located deeply below the free liquid surface. The location of floating plate was affected by the length of the elastic rope. The length needed to be selected according to the varies of the liquid depths. The larger the aera of the floating plate was, the better the sloshing suppression ability was. However, good sloshing suppression can also be obtained for a smaller aera under some conditions. On the other hand, the elastic constrained floating plate accelerated the decay of the free liquid surface and significantly improved the damping ratio of the oscillatory system. It showed a good practical value for plant protection UAVs whose attitude changed frequently and the liquid in the tank was prone to sloshing greatly.

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鄭繼周,李雁鵬,林慶明,薛新宇.基于浮板結(jié)構(gòu)的植保無人機藥液晃動抑制試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2023,54(6):94-103. ZHENG Jizhou, LI Yanpeng, LIN Qingming, XUE Xinyu. Experimental Investigation of Liquid Sloshing Suppression in Plant Protection UAV Based on Floating Plate Structure[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(6):94-103.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-10-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-01-04
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