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Transformer優(yōu)化及其在蘋果病蟲命名實體識別中的應用
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陜西省重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2019ZDLNY07-06-01)


Transformer Optimization and Application in Named Entity Recognition of Apple Diseases and Pests
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    摘要:

    為提高蘋果生產領域實體識別的準確性,提出一種新的Transformer優(yōu)化模型。首先,為解決蘋果生產數(shù)據集的缺失,基于蘋果栽培領域園藝專家的知識經驗,創(chuàng)建以蘋果病蟲害為主的產業(yè)數(shù)據集。通過字向量與詞向量的拼接,提高文本語義表征的準確性;隨后,為防止位置信息缺失,引入具有方向和距離感知的注意力機制,平均集成BiLSTM的上下文長距離依賴特征;最后,結合條件隨機場(Conditional random fields, CRF)約束上下文標注結果,最終得到Transformer優(yōu)化模型。實驗結果表明,所提方法在蘋果病蟲命名實體識別中的F1值可達92.66%,可為農業(yè)命名實體的準確智能識別提供技術手段。

    Abstract:

    Aiming to improve the accuracy of entity identification in apple production field, a new Transformer optimization model was proposed. Firstly, in order to address the lack of apple production dataset, a corpus focusing on diseases and pests was constructed based on the knowledge and experience of horticultural experts in related field of apple cultivation. The accuracy of semantic representation of text was improved by combining word vector and character vector. Secondly, since the location information was crucial to text semantics,but the traditional Transformer model lacks the directionality of location information, in order to take advantage of the location features of text, an attention mechanism with direction and distance perception was introduced in Transformer encoder. And the contextual long-distance dependence features of BiLSTM was integrated on average to enhance semantic representation. Lastly, with imposing restrictions on labeling results by conditional random fields (CRF), the Transformer optimization model was obtained. The experimental results showed that the F1 score of the proposed method was 92.66% in Chinese named entity recognition of Apple diseases and pests. It indicated that the method proposed could effectively identify the named entities of apple diseases and pest, and provide a technical means for the accurate and intelligent identification of other agricultural named entities.

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蒲攀,張越,劉勇,聶炎明,黃鋁文. Transformer優(yōu)化及其在蘋果病蟲命名實體識別中的應用[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2023,54(6):264-271. PU Pan, ZHANG Yue, LIU Yong, NIE Yanming, HUANG Lüwen. Transformer Optimization and Application in Named Entity Recognition of Apple Diseases and Pests[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(6):264-271.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-11-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-04-11
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