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基于多維感知的玉米大田巡檢平臺設計與試驗
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國家自然科學基金項目(52172396)


Design and Experiment of Maize Field Inspection Platform Based on Multi-dimensional Perception
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    摘要:

    為了提高對大田種植玉米生長動態(tài)、干旱脅迫和病蟲害等方面的智能巡檢監(jiān)測能力,設計了一種基于多維感知的移動巡檢平臺。首先,對底盤總成的轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)、驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)和控制系統(tǒng)進行設計,并基于Arduino UNO控制器實現(xiàn)了巡檢平臺的轉(zhuǎn)向及行駛功能。其次,搭建了包括GNSS/INS(Global navigation satellite system/inertial navigation system)組合導航系統(tǒng)、激光雷達(Light detection and ranging,LiDAR)和工業(yè)相機的多維感知系統(tǒng),對感知系統(tǒng)時間同步方案、數(shù)據(jù)通信結(jié)構(gòu)和信息采集軟件進行設計,實現(xiàn)了巡檢平臺對環(huán)境的感知和數(shù)據(jù)可視化。最后,在玉米大田對巡檢平臺進行了底盤行駛性能試驗和感知系統(tǒng)環(huán)境感知試驗。試驗結(jié)果表明:巡檢平臺左轉(zhuǎn)平均最小轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑為2922mm,右轉(zhuǎn)平均最小轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑為2736mm,最大爬坡度大于26.7%,位置PID控制下直線行駛平均速度為0.523m/s,與期望速度0.5m/s的誤差為4.6%,行駛15m平均偏移量為0.636m,平均偏移率為4.24cm/m,滿足田間行駛性能要求;感知系統(tǒng)能夠在ROS系統(tǒng)下穩(wěn)定采集平臺位姿信息、高精度三維點云信息和彩色二維圖像信息,實現(xiàn)了巡檢平臺對玉米大田環(huán)境的多維感知。

    Abstract:

    A mobile inspection platform based on multi-dimensional perception was developed to enable intelligent inspection and monitoring of maize growth dynamics, drought stress and diseases in wide fields. Firstly, the chassis assembly’s steering system, drive system, and control system were developed, and the steering and driving functions of the inspection platform were implemented, using the Arduino UNO controller. Secondly, a multi-dimensional sensing system that consisted of a global navigation satellite system/inertial navigation system (GNSS/INS) integrated navigation system, light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and camera was constructed. The time synchronization scheme, data communication structure and information acquisition software of the sensing system were then designed to enable the patrol platform to perceive its environment and visualize. Finally, the chassis driving performance test and the perception system environment perception test were performed on the inspection platform in the maize field. According to the test results, the inspection platform’s average minimum turning radius for left turns was 2922mm, its average minimum turning radius for right turns was 2736mm, and its maximum climbing gradient was greater than 26.7%, the average straight-line speed under position PID control was 0.523m/s, with an error of 4.6% compared with the expected speed of 0.5m/s, the average deviation for 15m driving was 0.636m, and the average deviation rate was 4.24cm/m, all of which met the field driving performance requirements. Under the ROS system, the sensing system was capable of reliably gathering platform position information, high-precision 3D point cloud information, and color 2D image information, enabling the inspection platform to perceive the surroundings in many dimensions. The research result can be used to guide the intelligent creation of a maize field inspection platform.

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班超,董乃希,黃修煉,馬悅琦,姜龍騰,遲瑞娟.基于多維感知的玉米大田巡檢平臺設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2023,54(9):44-52,73. BAN Chao, DONG Naixi, HUANG Xiulian, MA Yueqi, JIANG Longteng, CHI Ruijuan. Design and Experiment of Maize Field Inspection Platform Based on Multi-dimensional Perception[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(9):44-52,73.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-02-17
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-09-10
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