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稻油兼用型成條飛播裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(52075211)和中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(2662020GXPY001)


Design and Experiment of Striped Aerial Seeding Device for Rice and Oil Rape
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)水稻和油菜飛播普遍采用漫撒播方式而造成的落種散亂無(wú)序等問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種可同時(shí)適應(yīng)水稻和油菜條播農(nóng)藝要求的無(wú)人機(jī)播種裝置。以成條飛播排種系統(tǒng)的兼用化、輕量化、電驅(qū)化和模塊化為設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo),采用電驅(qū)、工作長(zhǎng)度可調(diào)的外槽輪組件作為排種器,以舵機(jī)帶動(dòng)連桿驅(qū)動(dòng)的自動(dòng)折疊導(dǎo)種管為投種部件,通過(guò)臺(tái)架試驗(yàn)、場(chǎng)地泥盒飛播試驗(yàn)和田間試驗(yàn)3種方式,確定結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和工作參數(shù)并驗(yàn)證作業(yè)效果。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,排種系統(tǒng)在排種電機(jī)額定轉(zhuǎn)速及扭矩范圍內(nèi),能夠滿足5m/s以內(nèi)飛行速度下,油菜播量6~7.5kg/hm2、雜交稻播量15~45kg/hm2及常規(guī)稻播量60~105kg/hm2的農(nóng)藝要求,且各行一致性變異系數(shù)、總排量一致性變異系數(shù)等性能參數(shù)優(yōu)于行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求,在作業(yè)高度1m、作業(yè)速度4m/s時(shí),泥盒中油菜和水稻種子平均條帶寬度分別為6.7、3.8cm,播后30d田間幼苗成條效果明顯。

    Abstract:

    A drone seeding device was designed to address the problem of scattered and disorderly seed falling caused by the widespread use of diffuse sowing in rice and rapeseed aerial seeding, which can simultaneously meet the agronomic requirements of rice and rapeseed aerial seeding. The design goal was to achieve dual use, lightweight, electric drive, and modularization of the strip aerial seeding system. The external groove wheel component with electric drive and adjustable working length was used as the seeding device, and the automatic folding seed guide tube driven by the linkage driven by the servo was used as the seeding component. Through bench tests, on-site mud box aerial seeding tests, and field tests, the structural and working parameters were determined and the operational effect was verified. The test showed that the designed seed metering system can meet the agronomic requirements of 6~7.5kg/hm2 oil rape, 15~45kg/hm2 hybrid rice and 60~105kg/hm2 conventional rice at maxium flight speed of 5m/s when in the range of rated speed and torque of seed metering motor, and the performance parameters such as the coefficient of variation of consistency of each row and the coefficient of variation of consistency of total discharge capacity were superior to the requirements of the industry standard. At height of 1m and speed of 4m/s, the average strip width of rapeseed and rice seeds in the mud box was 6.7cm and 3.8cm, respectively. The effect of seedling formation in the field was significant after 30d of sowing.

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黃小毛,劉宇,朱耀宗,李文成,張順.稻油兼用型成條飛播裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(9):111-121. HUANG Xiaomao, LIU Yu, ZHU Yaozong, LI Wencheng, ZHANG Shun. Design and Experiment of Striped Aerial Seeding Device for Rice and Oil Rape[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(9):111-121.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-12-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-09-10
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