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蔬菜移栽夾莖式取苗裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2019YFE0125200)和北京市農(nóng)林科學(xué)院科技創(chuàng)新建設(shè)專項(xiàng)(KJCX20210402)


Design and Experiment of Vegetable Transplanting Clip Stem Seedling Device
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    摘要:

    針對半自動(dòng)移栽機(jī)作業(yè)效率低、作業(yè)質(zhì)量差的問題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種面向蔬菜移栽機(jī)器人的夾莖式自動(dòng)取苗裝置。取苗裝置經(jīng)過整排取苗、等距分苗、精準(zhǔn)投苗,可實(shí)現(xiàn)高效、高質(zhì)自動(dòng)化取投苗作業(yè)。建立多級(jí)剪叉分苗機(jī)構(gòu)與夾苗裝置的運(yùn)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,對缽苗下落運(yùn)動(dòng)、氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行模型設(shè)計(jì)及分析計(jì)算,搭建取苗試驗(yàn)裝置。試驗(yàn)選取穴盤辣椒苗作為研究對象,以缽苗苗齡、基質(zhì)含水率、取苗頻率為試驗(yàn)因素,設(shè)計(jì)以取苗成功率、基質(zhì)破碎率為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的單因素試驗(yàn)。根據(jù)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,采用Box-Behnken響應(yīng)曲面分析法設(shè)計(jì)正交試驗(yàn),探究了苗齡與基質(zhì)含水率、苗齡與取苗頻率及基質(zhì)含水率與取苗頻率之間的交互作用對取苗效果的影響,優(yōu)化取苗參數(shù)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)苗齡33d、缽苗基質(zhì)含水率46%、取苗頻率75株/min時(shí),取苗成功率為97.36%,基質(zhì)破碎5.07%,可滿足大田自動(dòng)化移栽的取苗及投苗要求。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of low operation efficiency and poor operation quality of semi-automatic transplanting machine, a stem-type automatic seedling picking device for vegetable transplanting robot was designed. The seedling pick-up device can realize efficient and high-quality automatic seedling pick-up and delivery operation through whole row of seedling pick-up, equidistant seedling separation and precise seedling delivery. The motion mechanics model of multi-stage scissors seedling mechanism and clamping seedling device was established. The model design and analysis calculation of the falling motion and pneumatic system of pot seedlings were carried out, and the seedling test device was built. Plug pepper seedlings were selected as the research object, and the seedling age, matrix moisture content and seedling frequency were taken as the experimental factors. A single factor experiment was designed to evaluate the success rate of seedling and matrix crushing rate. According to the test results, the Box-Behnken response surface analysis method was used to design the orthogonal experiment. The effects of the interaction between seedling age and substrate moisture content, seedling age and seedling picking frequency, substrate moisture content and seedling picking frequency on the seedling picking effect were explored, and the seedling picking parameters were optimized. The results showed that when the seedling age was 33d, the water content of pot seedling substrate was 46%, the frequency of seedling picking was 75 plants/min, the success rate of seedling picking was 97.36%, and the substrate crushing was 5.07%, which could meet the requirements of seedling picking and throwing of field automatic transplanting.

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王秀,劉蒙滋,翟長遠(yuǎn),韓長杰,楊碩,高原源.蔬菜移栽夾莖式取苗裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(9):122-132. WANG Xiu, LIU Mengzi, ZHAI Changyuan, HAN Changjie, YANG Shuo, GAO Yuanyuan. Design and Experiment of Vegetable Transplanting Clip Stem Seedling Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(9):122-132.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-03-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-09-10
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