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動(dòng)態(tài)水壓間歇脈沖噴灌噴灑水力性能研究
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(52279045)和陜西省創(chuàng)新能力支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2023KJXX-011)


Hydraulic Performance of Dynamic Water Pressure Intermittent Pulse Sprinkler Irrigation
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    摘要:

    動(dòng)態(tài)水壓噴灑和基于脈沖寬度調(diào)制的間歇噴灑對(duì)噴頭噴灑水力特性均有顯著調(diào)節(jié)作用,為充分發(fā)揮動(dòng)態(tài)水壓和間歇噴灑的技術(shù)優(yōu)勢(shì),本研究通過壓縮空氣儲(chǔ)能調(diào)節(jié)同步實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)水壓和間歇脈沖噴灑,基于此開發(fā)出新型動(dòng)態(tài)水壓間歇脈沖噴灌裝置,并對(duì)動(dòng)態(tài)水壓間歇脈沖噴灑條件下的噴灌水力性能指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了實(shí)測(cè)和計(jì)算。結(jié)果表明,動(dòng)態(tài)水壓間歇脈沖噴灑模式下,噴頭工作壓力呈“急速上升—波動(dòng)下降—急速下降”三階段變化趨勢(shì),噴頭流量較恒壓連續(xù)噴灑降低70.23%~82.77%;徑向噴灌強(qiáng)度呈雙峰型分布,峰值噴灌強(qiáng)度為連續(xù)噴灑下的12.7%~33%;噴灑水量分布均勻度較連續(xù)噴灑有小幅降低5.8%~14.1%,且可通過運(yùn)行參數(shù)優(yōu)化進(jìn)一步提升;水滴對(duì)表層土壤的打擊強(qiáng)度顯著降低,動(dòng)能強(qiáng)度峰值降幅50.6%~70.9%。研究結(jié)果表明動(dòng)態(tài)水壓間歇脈沖噴灑可靈活實(shí)現(xiàn)噴灑水力性能指標(biāo)的同步提升,具有較大應(yīng)用潛力。

    Abstract:

    Both dynamic water pressure spraying and intermittent spraying based on pulse width modulation have significant regulating effects on the hydraulic characteristics of sprinkler spraying. In order to give full play to the technical advantages of dynamic water pressure and intermittent spraying, dynamic water pressure and intermittent pulse spraying synchronously were realized through compressed air energy storage regulation. Based on this, a dynamic water pressure intermittent pulse spraying device was developed. The hydraulic performance indexes of sprinkler irrigation under the condition of dynamic water pressure intermittent pulse spraying were measured and calculated. The results showed that under the dynamic water pressure intermittent pulse spraying mode, the working pressure of the sprinkler head presented a threestage change trend of “rapid rise—fluctuation decrease—rapid decline”, and the flow rate of the sprinkler head was decreased by 70.23%~82.77% compared with that of constant pressure continuous spraying. The radial irrigation intensity showed a bimodal distribution, and the peak intensity was about 12.7%~33% of that under continuous spraying. Compared with continuous spraying, the distribution uniformity of spraying water was slightly decreased (5.8%~14.1%), and can be further improved by optimizing the operating parameters. The impact intensity of water droplets on the surface soil was decreased significantly, and the peak kinetic energy intensity was decreased by 50.6%~70.9%. The results showed that the dynamic water pressure intermittent pulse spraying can flexibly improve the hydraulic performance index and had great application potential.

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葛茂生,魏福強(qiáng),吳普特,張騫文,薛紹鵬.動(dòng)態(tài)水壓間歇脈沖噴灌噴灑水力性能研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(10):294-303. GE Maosheng, WEI Fuqiang, WU Pute, ZHANG Qianwen, XUE Shaopeng. Hydraulic Performance of Dynamic Water Pressure Intermittent Pulse Sprinkler Irrigation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(10):294-303.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-03-24
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-04-23
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