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基于機器學習的機械壓實對大豆產(chǎn)量的影響預(yù)測研究
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2021YFD2000405-2)和財政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項目(CARS-04-PS24)


Effect of Mechanical Compaction on Soybean Yield Based on Machine Learning
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    為評估農(nóng)業(yè)機械作業(yè)對大豆產(chǎn)量的影響,本文開展不同機型、不同壓實次數(shù)的拖拉機壓實試驗,獲取不同壓實環(huán)境中的土壤物理性質(zhì)和大豆產(chǎn)量數(shù)據(jù),分別從影響大豆產(chǎn)量的機械因素、土壤因素和復(fù)合因素出發(fā),使用多元線性回歸(Multiple linear regression,MLR)、隨機森林(Random forest,RF)、自適應(yīng)增強模型(Adaptive boosting,AdaBoost)、人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(Artificial neural network,ANN)4種機器學習算法建立大豆產(chǎn)量影響預(yù)測模型,對模型性能及模型特征重要性進行綜合分析。研究結(jié)果表明,機械作業(yè)與大豆產(chǎn)量間關(guān)系復(fù)雜,集成學習算法(AdaBoost和RF)所建立的模型具有更好的擬合效果,模型決定系數(shù)更高;利用復(fù)合因素對大豆產(chǎn)量建立的模型擬合度最高,其次為機械因素和土壤因素,其中基于AdaBoost的復(fù)合因素對大豆產(chǎn)量影響模型其擬合程度最優(yōu),其R2為0.92,MAE為1.33%,RMSE為1.86%;機械因素、土壤因素都會影響大豆產(chǎn)量,其中機械壓實次數(shù)以及表層和亞表層的土壤堅實度為影響大豆產(chǎn)量的重要因素,在實際生產(chǎn)中可通過減少機械作業(yè)次數(shù)、疏松表層及亞表層土壤來改善機械壓實影響。

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    Aiming to find a more accurate method to assess the effect of agricultural machinery compaction on soybean yield, data of soil physical properties and soybean yield in different compaction environments were obtained by carrying out different numbers of compaction walks with different types of tractors. Soybean yield forecast models were developed from mechanical factors, soil factors, and composite factors which affected soybean growth, respectively. To find out the differences of models built by different types of machine learning algorithms, multiple linear regression (MLR), random forest (RF), adaptive boosting (AdaBoost), and artificial neural network (ANN) were used in modeling. In addition, the importance of model features was comprehensively analyzed. The results showed that the relationship between mechanical operation and crop yield was complex, and the models built by integrated learning algorithms (AdaBoost and RF) had a better fit and higher coefficient of determination. Among the machine learning algorithms used, the best performance of the models built was AdaBoost, followed by random forest, artificial neural network and multiple linear regression. The model built using composite factors for soybean yield had the best fit, followed by mechanical and soil factors. The AdaBoost-based composite factor for soybean yield forecast model had the optimal fit with R2 of 0.92, MAE of 1.33% and RMSE of 1.86%. Mechanical factors and soil factors all had an effect on the variation of soybean yield. The number of mechanical compaction, soil penetration resistance in the surface and subsurface layers were the important factors affecting soybean yield. Therefore, the effects from mechanical compaction can be relieved by reducing the number of mechanical operation and loosening soil penetration resistance of the surface and subsurface soils.

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周修理,秦娜,王開宇,孫浩,王大維,喬金友.基于機器學習的機械壓實對大豆產(chǎn)量的影響預(yù)測研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2023,54(11):139-147. ZHOU Xiuli, QIN Na, WANG Kaiyu, SUN Hao, WANG Dawei, QIAO Jinyou. Effect of Mechanical Compaction on Soybean Yield Based on Machine Learning[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(11):139-147.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-11-10
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