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分體組合振動(dòng)式超級(jí)稻精量播種勻種裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(61511012)


Simulation and Experiment of Piezoelectric Vibration Super Rice Precision Seeding and Unifying Device
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)超級(jí)稻育秧播種環(huán)節(jié)振動(dòng)式排種器勻種性能差,難以實(shí)現(xiàn)精量播種的問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)一種分體組合振動(dòng)式精量播種勻種裝置,并提出了一種基于圖像識(shí)別的振動(dòng)勻種控制方法。對(duì)振動(dòng)板關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù):儲(chǔ)種盒深度和轉(zhuǎn)向槽角度進(jìn)行勻種性能單因素離散元仿真分析,結(jié)果表明:輸送階段不同時(shí)間和空間勻種均勻性變異系數(shù)和振動(dòng)板出口處供種均勻性變異系數(shù)隨儲(chǔ)種盒深度增大而增大,隨轉(zhuǎn)向槽角度增大先減小后增大,并確定儲(chǔ)種盒深度和轉(zhuǎn)向槽角度分別為12mm和48°。設(shè)計(jì)并搭建了種子流圖像檢測(cè)與控制系統(tǒng),壓電振動(dòng)單體和勻種單元圖像檢測(cè)和整流驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)表明,當(dāng)檢測(cè)到圖像中白色低像素占比低于20%,經(jīng)整流后,白色像素占比可滿(mǎn)足設(shè)計(jì)要求。對(duì)分體組合振動(dòng)式播種勻種裝置進(jìn)行不同勻種電壓和具有不同長(zhǎng)寬比的3種超級(jí)稻品種進(jìn)行播種性能試驗(yàn)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)工作電壓為150~200V時(shí),其播種合格率不小于93.47%,漏播率不大于1.00%;3種水稻種子播種合格率均不小于94.17%,漏播率不大于0.67%。該裝置能夠滿(mǎn)足超級(jí)稻精量播種要求,且對(duì)不同超級(jí)稻種子具有較好的適應(yīng)性。

    Abstract:

    A split and combined vibration seeding and leveling device was designed to address the problem of poor seeding performance of the vibrating seed metering device in the super rice seedling cultivation and sowing process that made it difficult to achieve precision seeding, and a vibration seed leveling control method based on image recognition was proposed. The single factor discrete element simulation analysis of the key structural parameters of the vibration plate was carried out. The results showed that the variation coefficient of the uniformity of the vibration plate and the variation coefficient of the supply uniformity at the exit of the vibration plate was increased with the increase of depth of box. With the increase of angle of steering groove, the depth of the seed storage box and the angle of the steering groove were determined to be 12mm and 48°, respectively. A seed stream image detection and control system was designed and built. The test of piezoelectric vibration monomer and homogenizing unit image detection and rectification showed that when the proportion of white low pixels in the detected image was less than 20%, after rectification, the proportion of white pixels could meet the design requirements. The results showed that the qualified rate was not less than 93.47% and the missed rate was not more than 1.00% when the operating voltage was 150~200V. The qualified sowing rate of the three rice seeds was not less than 94.17%, and the missing sowing rate was not more than 0.67%. The device can meet the requirements of precision sowing of super rice and had good adaptability to different super rice seeds.

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朱承天,劉彩玲,李方林,賈旋,曹銘健,王悅偉.分體組合振動(dòng)式超級(jí)稻精量播種勻種裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(12):27-36. ZHU Chengtian, LIU Cailing, LI Fanglin, JIA Xuan, CAO Mingjian, WANG Yuewei. Simulation and Experiment of Piezoelectric Vibration Super Rice Precision Seeding and Unifying Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(12):27-36.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-18
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  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2023-08-29
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