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馬鈴薯聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)環(huán)形減損集薯升運(yùn)裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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山東省科技型中小企業(yè)創(chuàng)新能力提升工程項(xiàng)目(2021TSGC1332)


Design and Experiment of Circular Reducing and Collecting Potato Lifting Device for Potato Combine Harvester
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)現(xiàn)有馬鈴薯聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)升運(yùn)輸送行程長(zhǎng)而導(dǎo)致傷薯率高、破皮率高、機(jī)具結(jié)構(gòu)不緊湊等問(wèn)題,結(jié)合北方馬鈴薯主產(chǎn)區(qū)收獲模式,設(shè)計(jì)了一款適用于馬鈴薯升運(yùn)作業(yè)的環(huán)形減損集薯升運(yùn)裝置。在闡述總體結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合馬鈴薯運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型和碰撞特性分析,得到影響升運(yùn)效率和薯塊損傷的主要因素,通過(guò)DEM-MBD耦合構(gòu)建薯塊和裝置模型,得到最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合:升運(yùn)擋板高度為199.21mm、升運(yùn)擋板與升運(yùn)輸送帶間夾角為75.86°、相鄰兩升運(yùn)擋板間距為240.35mm。臺(tái)架試驗(yàn)表明:上料量為24t/h,升運(yùn)輸送帶運(yùn)行速度為0.8、1.0、1.2m/s時(shí),電子馬鈴薯采集的碰撞加速度峰值平均值為636.63、593.29、685.63m/s2,破皮率為1.13%、1.06%、1.21%,碰撞加速度峰值均小于馬鈴薯臨界損傷閾值。田間試驗(yàn)表明:作業(yè)速度為0.6、0.7、0.8m/s時(shí),傷薯率為0.94%、1.06%、1.12%,破皮率為1.09%、1.21%、1.33%,環(huán)形減損集薯升運(yùn)裝置運(yùn)行正常,未出現(xiàn)薯塊掉落等現(xiàn)象,各部件配合協(xié)調(diào),滿(mǎn)足裝袋型馬鈴薯聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)高效穩(wěn)定的作業(yè)要求。

    Abstract:

    In response to the problems of high potato damage rate, high peeling rate, long transportation distance, and large volume of existing potato combine harvesters, combined with the harvesting mode in the main potato production areas of northern China, circular loss reducing and collecting potato lifting device suitable for potato lifting operations was designed based on bagging potato combine harvesters. On the basis of expounding the overall structure and working principle, combined with the analysis of potato kinematics model and impact characteristics, it was found that the main factors affecting the lifting efficiency and potato damage of the device were the height of the lifting baffle, the angle between the lifting baffle and the lifting belt, the distance between two adjacent lifting baffles, and the running speed of the lifting belt, a simulation model of potato and circular loss reducing and collecting potato lifting device was constructed through DEM-MBD coupling, and single factor and multi factor experiments were conducted on the influencing factors. The optimal parameter combination for the circular loss reducing and collecting potato lifting device was obtained through parameter optimization: the height of the lifting baffle was 199.21mm, the angle between the lifting baffle and the lifting belt was 75.86°, and the distance between adjacent lifting baffles was 240.35mm. The results of the inter bench test showed that when the loading rate was 24t/h and the conveyor belt speed was 0.8m/s, 1.0m/s and 1.2m/s, the average values of the five collision acceleration peaks collected by the electronic potato were 636.63m/s2,593.29m/s2, 685.63m/s2, with skin breaking rates of 1.13%, 1.06%, 1.21%, respectively. The collision acceleration peaks were all smaller than the critical damage threshold of the potato. Field experiments showed that at operating speeds of 0.6m/s, 0.7m/s and 0.8m/s, the potato damage rates were 0.94%, 1.06% and 1.12%, and the skin breaking rates were 1.09%, 1.21% and 1.33%, respectively, the circular loss reducing and collecting potato lifting device operated normally without any phenomenon of potatoes falling. The coordination of various components ensured that the bagging type potato combine harvester was in an efficient and stable operating state.

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李學(xué)強(qiáng),王興歡,劉洋,王法明,孟鵬祥,王金梅.馬鈴薯聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)環(huán)形減損集薯升運(yùn)裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(12):109-120. LI Xueqiang, WANG Xinghuan, LIU Yang, WANG Faming, MENG Pengxiang, WANG Jinmei. Design and Experiment of Circular Reducing and Collecting Potato Lifting Device for Potato Combine Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(12):109-120.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-08-01
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  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2023-09-19
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