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田間茶樹冠層三維信息獲取及其高度和輪廓表達方法
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(52105284、32301715)、浙江省“尖兵”研發(fā)攻關(guān)計劃項目(2023C02009)、財政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項目和中國博士后科學(xué)基金項目(2022M722819)


Describing Height and Outline of Tea Canopy in Natural Field with 3D Sensing
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    摘要:

    茶樹的冠層信息是茶樹田間管理的重要內(nèi)容,也是茶葉機械化作業(yè)機具設(shè)計的重要依據(jù)。針對傳統(tǒng)的作物冠層信息獲取方法費時費力、主觀性強且易造成損傷等問題,提出了一種茶樹冠層高度和輪廓的獲取與估計方法。首先,通過3D LiDAR從多個站點采集茶園的點云數(shù)據(jù),對原始點云進行姿態(tài)矯正、ROI劃分、配準(zhǔn)、降噪以及高程歸一化預(yù)處理,得到高程歸一化的茶樹點云。其次,通過反距離權(quán)重插值法、不規(guī)則三角網(wǎng)插值法在不同空間分辨率下生成茶樹的冠層高度模型(Canopy height model, CHM),其中,空間分辨率0.05m下不規(guī)則三角網(wǎng)插值生成的茶樹CHM具有較好的插值精度,模型產(chǎn)生的凹坑也相對較少。最后,分別以90~100間的21個百分位數(shù)提取CHM的柵格值作為茶樹冠層高度與實測值比較,結(jié)果表明,第98.5百分位數(shù)時估計值最為準(zhǔn)確,與真值間的相關(guān)系數(shù)為0.88,平均絕對誤差為3.17cm,均方根誤差為4.16cm。此外,在高程歸一化的茶樹點云中提取20處冠層斷面點云,分別采用橢圓模型、高斯模型和二次多項式模型擬合了冠層輪廓點云,其中,二次多項式模型能更好地反映茶樹冠層輪廓特征,點云與擬合曲線間平均最小距離的均值為2.60cm,方差為0.21cm2。研究可為茶園現(xiàn)代化管理和茶葉機械化作業(yè)機具的設(shè)計提供理論支持。

    Abstract:

    Canopy information is an important element of tea field management and an important basis for the design of related equipment. Aiming at the traditional methods of obtaining crop canopy information, which are time-consuming, subjective and prone to damage, a method of obtaining and estimating the height and outline of the tea tree canopy was proposed. Firstly, the point cloud data of the tea field was collected from multiple sites by 3D LiDAR, and the original point cloud was pre-processed with attitude correction, ROI selection, alignment, noise reduction, and elevation normalization to obtain the elevation-normalized tea tree point cloud. Secondly, the canopy height model (CHM) of tea trees was generated by inverse distance weight (IDW) and triangulation irregular network (TIN) at different spatial resolutions, among which, the CHM of tea trees generated by IDW at 0.05m spatial resolution had better interpolation accuracy and the model produced relatively fewer pits. Finally, the raster values of CHM were extracted from 21 percentiles between 90 and 100 as the canopy height of tea trees and compared with the measured values. The results showed that the estimated value was most accurate when the percentile was 98.5, and the correlation coefficient with the true value was 0.88, with an average absolute error of 3.17cm, and a root mean square error of 4.16cm. In addition, totally 20 canopy section point clouds were extracted from the elevation-normalized tea tree point clouds and their outlines were fitted by elliptic, Gaussian and quadratic polynomial models, respectively. The results showed that the quadratic polynomial model could better reflect the characteristics of the tea tree canopy outline, and the mean value of the average minimum distance between the points and the fitted curves was 2.60cm with a variance of 0.21cm2. The research can provide theoretical support for the modern management of tea fields and the design of related equipment.

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趙潤茂,范國帥,陳建能,武傳宇,杜小強,郇曉龍.田間茶樹冠層三維信息獲取及其高度和輪廓表達方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2023,54(12):234-241,358. ZHAO Runmao, FAN Guoshuai, CHEN Jianneng, WU Chuanyu, DU Xiaoqiang, HUAN Xiaolong. Describing Height and Outline of Tea Canopy in Natural Field with 3D Sensing[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(12):234-241,358.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-10-10
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