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氣送式玉米高速精量排種器供種系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52205283)、中國博士后科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(2022M722609)和陜西省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2023-YBNY-204)


Design and Experiment of Intelligent Seed Supply System of Air-assisted High Speed Precision Maize Seed Metering Device
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    摘要:

    針對氣送式玉米高速精量排種器進(jìn)行高速精量播種時(shí)排種器內(nèi)存種量波動(dòng)較大,無法維持最佳作業(yè)狀態(tài)的問題,提出通過改進(jìn)供種裝置結(jié)構(gòu)、優(yōu)化供種控制模型的技術(shù)思路。設(shè)計(jì)了一種智能供種系統(tǒng),采用可替換輪片的新型供種輪結(jié)構(gòu)和以正弦函數(shù)為基礎(chǔ)的波動(dòng)變量供種方式,根據(jù)供種效果實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)節(jié)供種速度波動(dòng)幅度,從而使排種器內(nèi)的存種量保持在較好區(qū)間,確保排種器在較高作業(yè)性能下進(jìn)行持續(xù)性工作。對關(guān)鍵零部件進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì),通過離散元仿真和臺(tái)架試驗(yàn)獲取并驗(yàn)證了不同結(jié)構(gòu)的供種輪較優(yōu)工作區(qū)間,同時(shí)對波動(dòng)變量供種模型性能進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,新型供種輪能夠通過改變自身結(jié)構(gòu)在供種速度250~1500g/min范圍內(nèi)將供種速度變異系數(shù)保持在20%以下。優(yōu)化后新型波動(dòng)變量供種控制模型將使供種速度以波動(dòng)變量供種的方式進(jìn)行平滑變化,在供種速度500~1500g/min范圍內(nèi)圍繞供種需求進(jìn)行100g/min左右幅度的波動(dòng)供種,滿足玉米精量播種的技術(shù)要求。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem that the seed quantity of the high speed precision seed discharging device can not maintain the best working state due to the fluctuation of the seed quantity in the device, a technical idea was put forward to improve the structure of seed feeding device and optimize seed feeding control model. An intelligent seed supply system was designed, which adopted a seed supply wheel structure with replaceable wheels and a wave variable supply mode based on sine function. The fluctuation amplitude of seed supply speed was adjusted in real time according to the seed supply effect, so as to keep the seed quantity in the seed discharge device in a good range and ensure the continuous work of the seed discharge device under high operating performance. The structural parameters of the key components were designed, and the advantageous operating intervals of thetype seed feeding wheel with different structures were obtained and verified by discrete element simulation and bench test. The experimental results showed that the type of seed feeding wheel could maintain the variation coefficient of seed feeding speed below 20% in the range of 250~1500g/min by changing its own structure. After optimization, the type of fluctuation variable seed supply control model would make the seed supply rate change smoothly in the way of fluctuation variable seed supply, and carry out the fluctuation seed supply in the range of 500g/min to 1500g/min around the supply demand. The research result can meet the technical requirements of corn precision sowing.

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高筱鈞,于淶源,吳曉鵬,黃玉祥,閆小麗.氣送式玉米高速精量排種器供種系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(s1):66-75. GAO Xiaojun, YU Laiyuan, WU Xiaopeng, HUANG Yuxiang, YAN Xiaoli. Design and Experiment of Intelligent Seed Supply System of Air-assisted High Speed Precision Maize Seed Metering Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(s1):66-75.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-12-10
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