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丘陵山區(qū)自走式馬鈴薯聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與通過性試驗(yàn)
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云南省重大科技專項(xiàng)(2018ZC001-3)


Design and Trafficability Experiment of Self-propelled Potato Harvester in Hilly and Mountainous Areas
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    摘要:

    針對丘陵山區(qū)馬鈴薯聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)短缺、履帶底盤通過性較差等問題,設(shè)計(jì)了一款包括底盤行走裝置、多級輸送分離裝置的自走式馬鈴薯收獲機(jī),開展了底盤通過性和機(jī)器收獲性能理論分析。首先,對收獲機(jī)底盤坡地行駛、越障性能進(jìn)行理論分析,獲得底盤通過性的臨界參數(shù);其次,對收獲過程中馬鈴薯運(yùn)動學(xué)進(jìn)行分析,得到關(guān)鍵工作部件的相關(guān)參數(shù)。與此同時(shí),運(yùn)用RecurDyn仿真軟件對整機(jī)進(jìn)行多體動力學(xué)仿真分析,獲得自走式馬鈴薯聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)適用于丘陵山區(qū)橫向與縱向坡地及跨越壕溝與直壁的相關(guān)運(yùn)動參數(shù)。仿真結(jié)果表明:縱向坡地行駛的最大爬坡角度為28°、橫向坡地行駛的最大坡度角為20°、整機(jī)跨越垂直障礙的最大高度為150mm、最大跨越壕溝寬度為300mm。田間試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:收獲作業(yè)時(shí)傷薯率為1.92%、破皮率為2.86%。收獲機(jī)滿足縱向坡度25°穩(wěn)定行駛要求,跨越300mm壕溝,翻越150mm直壁,與仿真結(jié)果保持一致,驗(yàn)證了仿真的準(zhǔn)確性,滿足履帶馬鈴薯收獲機(jī)行駛通過性的設(shè)計(jì)要求。該研究可為丘陵山區(qū)根莖類履帶式收獲機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)提供理論基礎(chǔ)與參考。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the shortage of potato combine harvesters and the poor passability of caterpillar chassis in hilly and mountainous areas, a self-propelled potato harvester with chassis walking device and multistage conveying and separating device was designed, and the passability of chassis and harvestability were analyzed theoretically. Firstly, the performance of harvester chassis driving on slope and obstacle crossing was analyzed theoretically, and the critical parameters of chassis passing were obtained. Secondly, the kinematic analysis of potato during harvest was carried out, and the relevant parameters of key working parts were obtained. At the same time, RecurDyn simulation software was used to simulate the multi-body dynamics of the whole machine, and the relevant motion parameters of the self-propelled potato combine suitable for the horizontal and longitudinal slopes in hilly areas, across trenches and straight walls were obtained. The simulation results showed that the maximum climbing angle of longitudinal slope driving was 28°, the maximum slope angle of transverse slope driving was 20°, the maximum height of the machine crossing vertical obstacles was 150mm, and the maximum crossing trench width was 300mm. The results showed that the rate of damaged potato and the rate of broken potato were 1.92% and 2.86%, respectively, which met the standard of damaged potato and broken potato less than 2% and 3%, respectively. The harvester can meet the longitudinal slope of 25° and drive steadily, cross the trench of 300mm width and climb over the straight wall of 150mm, which was consistent with the simulation results, and verified the accuracy of the simulation. This study can meet the design requirements of crawler potato harvester driving performance, and provide theoretical basis and reference for the design of crawler root harvester in hilly and mountainous areas.

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王法安,曹欽洲,李彥彬,龐有倫,解開婷,張兆國.丘陵山區(qū)自走式馬鈴薯聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與通過性試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(s2):10-19. WANG Fa'an, CAO Qinzhou, LI Yanbin, PANG Youlun, XIE Kaiting, ZHANG Zhaoguo. Design and Trafficability Experiment of Self-propelled Potato Harvester in Hilly and Mountainous Areas[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(s2):10-19.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-08-16
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