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梳齒帶自走式杭白菊收獲機設(shè)計與試驗
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現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專項(CARS-21)、中醫(yī)藥創(chuàng)新團隊及人才支持計劃項目(ZYYCXTDD-202205)和甘肅省重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2020YF8GA008)


Design and Experiment of Self-propelled Harvester with Comb and Conveyer Belt for Hangzhou White Chrysanthemum
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    摘要:

    針對目前杭白菊機械采收漏采率高、破損率高、含雜率高,采收機械工作效率低、行走動力不足、通過性差、收集不便等問題,結(jié)合杭白菊的種植模式及采摘要求,設(shè)計了一款梳齒帶自走式杭白菊收獲機。該收獲機主要由梳齒帶采摘部件、毛刷組件、升降裝置、行走裝置、收集裝置和液壓系統(tǒng)組成,采用鏈傳動帶動梳齒排循環(huán)轉(zhuǎn)動的方式,利用多排梳齒的梳刷作用實現(xiàn)對杭白菊的連續(xù)采收,可通過液壓系統(tǒng)調(diào)節(jié)采摘部件的運轉(zhuǎn)速度和工作高度。通過運動力學分析,確定了傳送帶、旋轉(zhuǎn)梳齒排等關(guān)鍵部件的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)?;诖耍罱嗽囼灅訖C,并以收獲機行駛速度、采摘部件工作轉(zhuǎn)速、梳齒與毛刷間的最小距離為試驗因素,以杭白菊采摘率、損傷率和含雜率為試驗指標,在田間進行了三因素三水平正交試驗,獲得了收獲機最佳工作參數(shù)。當行駛速度為0.1m/s、采摘部件工作轉(zhuǎn)速為60r/min、梳齒與毛刷間的最小距離為60mm時,采摘效果最好,采摘率為83.1%,破損率為15.8%,含雜率為17.9%。所設(shè)計的梳齒帶自走式杭白菊收獲機運行穩(wěn)定,滿足杭白菊采摘的農(nóng)藝要求。

    Abstract:

    In view of the problems such as high miss rate, high damage rate, high impurity content, low working efficiency, insufficient walking power, poor trafficability and inconvenient collection of the current Hangzhou white chrysanthemum harvesting machinery, a comb belt self-propelled harvester was developed based on the planting mode and picking requirements of Hangzhou white chrysanthemum. The harvester was mainly composed of harvesting components, brush components, lifting devices, walking devices, collection devices, and hydraulic systems. It utilized the comb action of multiple rows of comb teeth to achieve continuous harvesting of Hangzhou white chrysanthemum. The operating speed and working height of the harvesting components can be adjusted through the hydraulic system. Through theoretical calculations, the structural parameters of key components such as conveyor belts and comb teeth were determined. A prototype experiment was built with the driving speed of the harvester, the working speed of the picking components, and the minimum distance between the comb and brush as experimental factors. The picking rate, damage rate, and impurity content of Hangzhou white chrysanthemum were used as the experimental indicators. A three factors and three levels orthogonal experiment was conducted to obtain the optimal parameter combination of the harvester. The experimental results showed that when the driving speed was 0.1m/s, the working speed of the picking components was 60r/min, the minimum distance between the comb and brush was 60mm, the picking effect was the best, with picking rate of 83.1%, damage rate of 15.8%, and impurity content rate of 17.9%. This comb belt self-propelled harvester had stable operation, which met the agronomic requirements of Hangzhou white chrysanthemum picking.

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劉子良,王慶祝,于慧爽,吳敏,沙廣祿,鄭志安.梳齒帶自走式杭白菊收獲機設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2023,54(s2):43-51,100. LIU Ziliang, WANG Qingzhu, YU Huishuang, WU Min, SHA Guanglu, ZHENG Zhian. Design and Experiment of Self-propelled Harvester with Comb and Conveyer Belt for Hangzhou White Chrysanthemum[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(s2):43-51,100.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-08-31
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