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甘蔗收獲機(jī)入土切割深度控制系統(tǒng)研究
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(32071916)和廣西科技重大專項(xiàng)(桂科AA22117005)


Under-the-ground Basecutting Control System of Sugarcane Harvester
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    摘要:

    甘蔗入土切割可以有效降低根切破頭率,由于西南丘陵山地蔗田凹凸不平,現(xiàn)有甘蔗收獲機(jī)難以控制刀盤進(jìn)行入土切割作業(yè),導(dǎo)致甘蔗機(jī)收產(chǎn)生大量根切破頭。針對(duì)以上問(wèn)題,本文利用自行研制的甘蔗入土切割試驗(yàn)臺(tái),基于角度傳感器、切割壓力傳感器,設(shè)計(jì)了一種多傳感器數(shù)據(jù)融合的入土切割控制系統(tǒng),開(kāi)發(fā)了基于PID算法的刀盤高度控制策略,運(yùn)用Matlab/Simulink構(gòu)建系統(tǒng)仿真模型。仿真結(jié)果表明,入土切割控制系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定時(shí)間為0.67s,超調(diào)量為8.6%。為驗(yàn)證入土切割控制系統(tǒng)的作業(yè)效果,以前進(jìn)速度、地面波長(zhǎng)和地面振幅為試驗(yàn)因素模擬蔗田路面,進(jìn)行了臺(tái)架試驗(yàn)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)前進(jìn)速度為1km/h、地面波長(zhǎng)為1m、地面振幅為4cm時(shí),最小平均入土切割深度誤差為3.26mm。當(dāng)前進(jìn)速度為3km/h、地面波長(zhǎng)為1m、地面振幅為12cm時(shí),最大平均入土切割深度誤差為8.87mm,刀盤可以保持入土切割。研究可為入土切割控制系統(tǒng)的開(kāi)發(fā)提供數(shù)據(jù)支撐和理論依據(jù)。

    Abstract:

    Sugarcane is a perennial crop, and good cutting quality can promote the growth and germination of sugarcane in the coming year. A large number of experimental studies have shown that under-the-ground basecutting can effectively reduce the stubble damage. Due to the unevenness of sugarcane fields in the hilly and mountainous areas of southwestern China, it is difficult for sugarcane harvesters to keep under-the-ground basecutting, resulting in a large amount of stubble damage. Therefore, based on angle sensors and cutting pressure sensors, the test bench was developed to design a multi-sensor data fusion control system. The basecutter height control strategy based on PID algorithm was developed, and the simulation model of the system was built by Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results showed that the stability time of the system was 0.67s, and the overshoot was 8.6%. To verify the performance of the control system, the bench test was carried out to simulate the sugarcane ground surface with forward speed, ground wavelength and ground amplitude as test factors.The experimental results showed that the minimum average cutting depth error was 3.26mm when the forward speed was 1km/h, the ground wavelength was 1m and the ground amplitude was 4cm. When the forward speed was 3km/h, the ground wavelength was 1m, and the ground amplitude was 12cm, the maximum average cutting depth error was 8.87mm, and the basecutter can keep under-the-ground basecutting. The research provided data support and theoretical basis for the development of the control system for under-the-ground basecutting.

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丁征亮,馬少春,霍鵬,李偉慶,錢君,周保成.甘蔗收獲機(jī)入土切割深度控制系統(tǒng)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(s2):121-127. DING Zhengliang, MA Shaochun, HUO Peng, LI Weiqing, QIAN Jun, ZHOU Baocheng. Under-the-ground Basecutting Control System of Sugarcane Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(s2):121-127.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-11
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-08-01
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