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基于無人機(jī)平臺的氣振式核桃采收機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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云南省自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(202301AS070079)、興滇英才支持計(jì)劃產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新人才專項(xiàng)(YNWR-CYJS-2018-050)和云南省教育廳科研基金項(xiàng)目(2023J0397)


Design and Validation of Pneumatic Vibration Walnut Picking Machine Carried by UAV
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    針對云南山地種植的深紋核桃樹體高大造成現(xiàn)有機(jī)械難于采收,而人工爬樹用竹竿擊打采收成本高且傷亡大的問題,提出了搭載無人機(jī)的氣振式核桃采收原理及方法,基于深紋核桃成熟果實(shí)的果柄連接強(qiáng)度的測試與分析結(jié)果,進(jìn)行了核桃脫落的氣振流動仿真分析,設(shè)計(jì)了搭載于六旋翼農(nóng)業(yè)植保無人機(jī)上的氣振式核桃采收機(jī),分析了氣振式核桃采收機(jī)在發(fā)射氣振時的反沖穩(wěn)定性,實(shí)施了氣振式核桃采收機(jī)搭載無人機(jī)進(jìn)行采收的試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,按效率優(yōu)先和采凈率優(yōu)先兩種采收模式,對氣振式核桃采收機(jī)的采收效率和采凈率做了預(yù)測分析。研究結(jié)果表明,核桃成熟度為80%、90%和100%時,使核桃果柄斷裂實(shí)現(xiàn)落果的氣振臨界流速分別為77.5、69.0、58.5m/s;氣艙容積為20L且氣壓為1MPa時,氣振式核桃采收機(jī)的氣動噴口至核桃掛果位置的最佳距離為0.5m,單次氣振流動采收的最大有效面積的仿真值和試驗(yàn)值分別約為0.09m2和0.10m2,最大有效采收面積隨著到氣動噴口距離增大而減小。

    Abstract:

    In response to the Yunnan mountainous areas planted deep-striped walnut trees are tall and large, which makes the existing fruit picking machinery difficult to reach the planting to harvest the fruit, as well as manually climbing walnut trees with bamboo poles to hit the picking fruit was high cost and casualties. For the first time, the principle and method of pneumatic vibration picking walnut with UAV were proposed. Based on the test and analysis results of the connection strength of the stalk of deep-grained walnuts, the pneumatic vibration flow simulation analysis of walnuts dislodged by pneumatic vibration was carried out. A walnut pneumatic vibration fruit picking machinery installed on a six-rotor agricultural plant protection UAV was designed. The stability of the pneumatic walnut picking machinery was analyzed when the machine was subjected to the recoil of the airflow during the launch of the air-vibration flow. The pneumatic vibration fruit picking machinery for walnuts mounted on a UAV was tested and validated. According to the two harvesting modes of efficiency priority and harvesting rate priority, the fruit picking efficiency and net picking rate of the pneumatic vibration walnut picking machinery were predicted and analyzed. The results showed that the critical flow velocities at which pneumatic vibration caused walnut stalk breakage were 77.5m/s, 69.0m/s and 58.5m/s when the ripeness of walnuts was 80%, 90% and 100%, respectively. The optimal distance from the pneumatic nozzle of the pneumatic vibration walnut picking machinery to the fruiting position was 0.5m for a pneumatic compartment with volume of 20L and pneumatic pressure of 1MPa. The simulated and experimental values for the maximum effective area of a single pneumatic vibration flow for fruit picking at this location were approximately 0.09m2 and 0.10m2, respectively. The maximum effective area for fruit picking in a single pass was decreased as the distance to the pneumatic nozzle increased.

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郭關(guān)柱,楊李洋,羅亞南,許光明.基于無人機(jī)平臺的氣振式核桃采收機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2024,55(1):55-64. GUO Guanzhu, YANG Liyang, LUO Ya’nan, XU Guangming. Design and Validation of Pneumatic Vibration Walnut Picking Machine Carried by UAV[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(1):55-64.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-10-06
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-11-13
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