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多重?cái)_動(dòng)清種式大蒜單粒取種排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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財(cái)政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國(guó)家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項(xiàng)目(CARS-24-D-01)、山東省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系蔬菜產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目(SDAIT-05-11)和中國(guó)博士后科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(2019M662410)


Design and Experiment of Multi-disturbance Cleaning and Single-seed Sowing Device for Garlic
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)勺鏈?zhǔn)酱笏獠シN機(jī)取種過(guò)程中常出現(xiàn)的漏種、重種問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種多重?cái)_動(dòng)清種式大蒜單粒取種排種器。取種勺在充種階段獲取多粒蒜種,經(jīng)多重?cái)_動(dòng)清種,最終取種勺內(nèi)僅余1粒蒜種。本文以金鄉(xiāng)蒜種為研究對(duì)象,闡述了排種器的工作原理,確定了排種器的各項(xiàng)參數(shù)和多重?cái)_動(dòng)裝置的最佳安裝位置。通過(guò)DEM〖CD*2〗MBD耦合仿真試驗(yàn),分析了傾斜角、取種勺線速度對(duì)充種成功率的影響,以及凹槽形狀對(duì)單粒取種率的影響。運(yùn)用 Box-Behnken 中心組合試驗(yàn)方法,以第2弧形突出部分坡度、傾斜角、取種勺線速度為試驗(yàn)因素,以單粒取種率和漏種率作為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),開(kāi)展了三因素三水平正交試驗(yàn)。利用 Design-Expert 8.0.6 數(shù)據(jù)分析軟件,分析了各因素對(duì)單粒取種率與漏種率的影響,對(duì)試驗(yàn)因素進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,確定了多重?cái)_動(dòng)裝置最佳結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)。設(shè)計(jì)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)對(duì)仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,傾斜角、取種勺線速度分別為15°、0.07m/s的條件下,通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)多重?cái)_動(dòng)裝置與取種勺凹槽頂端距離適配不同級(jí)別蒜種,當(dāng)Ⅰ級(jí)、Ⅱ級(jí)、Ⅲ級(jí)蒜種距離分別為0、6.1、12.1mm時(shí),單粒取種成功率分別為92.2%、97.2%、95.6%,具有良好的取種性能。

    Abstract:

    In response to the common issues of seed leakage and reseeding during the seedpicking process of a spoon-chain garlic seeder, a novel multi-disturbance cleaning and single-seed sowing device was designed. The sowing device collected multiple garlic seeds during the seed-picking process and underwent multiple disturbances to ensure that only one seed remains in the sowing spoon. Focusing on Jinxiang garlic seeds and elucidating the working principle of the sowing device, the optimal parameters of the sowing device and the installation position of multi-disturbance device were determined. Through DEM-MBD coupled simulation experiments, the influence of tilt angle and scoop speed on the success rate of seed filling and the impact of groove shape on the single-seed extraction rate were analyzed. A three-factor three-level orthogonal experiment was performed by using the Box-Behnken central composite design method, with the slope of the second arc-shaped prominent part, inclination angle, and spoon linear speed as experimental factors, and the single-seed qualification rate and seed leakage rate as evaluation criteria. Design-Expert 8.0.6 data analysis software was employed to analyze the effects of each factor on the single-seed sowing rate and seed leakage rate and optimize the experimental factors to determine the optimal structural parameters of the multi-disturbance device. A validation experiment was conducted using a test rig to verify the simulation results. Under the conditions of an inclination angle of 15° and a spoon linear speed of 0.07m/s, the multi-disturbance device was adjusted to adapt to different levels of garlic seeds by adjusting the distance between the device and the top of the sowing spoon groove. The success rates of single-seed sowing were 92.2%, 97.2%, and 95.6% for Grade Ⅰ, Grade Ⅱ, and Grade Ⅲ garlic seeds, respectively, demonstrating excellent sowing performance.

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侯加林,方立志,張海闊,周凱,李天華,李玉華.多重?cái)_動(dòng)清種式大蒜單粒取種排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(1):65-75,163. HOU Jialin, FANG Lizhi, ZHANG Haikuo, ZHOU Kai, LI Tianhua, LI Yuhua. Design and Experiment of Multi-disturbance Cleaning and Single-seed Sowing Device for Garlic[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(1):65-75,163.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-08-21
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