Abstract:In order to explore the effects of different soil and water conservation tillage measures on soil physical and chemical properties in sloping farmland, a field experiment was carried out. Setting transverse tillage (TP), ridge field (RF), deep loosening (SF), transverse tillage + ridge field (TP-R), transverse tillage + deep loosening (TP-S), and ridge field + deep loosening (RF-S) three soil and water conservation tillage measures and three combined tillage measures, and conventional down-slope tillage (CK) as a control. The soil porosity, soil mechanical composition, water stability, soil aggregate stability, soil nutrients and other indicators were analyzed, and the TOPSIS model was used to comprehensively evaluate different soil and water conservation farming measures, and the soil stability and water storage and fertilizer conservation were selected. The effective soil and water conservation practices in farming were investigated. The results showed that during the whole growth period of maize, deep loosening tillage, ridge field and transverse tillage could all increase the soil volume moisture content. The TP-S treatment had the highest volumetric moisture content, and the average volumetric moisture content of the 0~40cm soil layer was increased by 29.47% compared with that of the CK treatment. RF-S treatment had the largest average porosity, followed by TP-S treatment, and the average porosity was increased by 10.68% and 9.25% in turn compared with that of CK treatment. TP-S treatment could significantly improve soil stability, among which the mean mass diameter (MWD), geometric mean diameter (GMD) and macroaggregate content (R0.25) were increased by 12.30%, 19.57% and 13.97% respectively compared with that of CK treatment. TP-S treatment could improve soil mechanical composition, the content of coarse sand, powder, and clay particles in TP-S treatment was 15.40%, 26.89% and 1.90% higher than that of CK treatment, the content of fine sand was 31.56% lower than that of CK treatment; the content of IN (inorganic nitrogen), AP (available phosphorus) and AK (available potassium) in TP-S treatment was the highest, compared with that of CK treatment, the content of IN, AP and AK was increased by 42.81%~55.32%, 39.69%~40.68% and 20.41%~25.45%, respectively. According to the comprehensive evaluation results of the TOPSIS model, the TP-S treatment had the highest degree of fit, more stable soil structure, and better water storage and fertilizer conservation effects, which was a suitable soil and water conservation farming measure in this area.
