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取秧側(cè)向零偏移的空間軌跡再生稻分插機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2022YFD2001802)、國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52375275、51975534)、浙江省科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2022C02034、2023C02012)和浙江省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(LY23E050013)


Design and Experiment of Regenerated Rice on Space Trajectory Transplantation Mechanism with Zero Lateral Offset
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    摘要:

    為了解決現(xiàn)有空間行星輪系式分插機(jī)構(gòu)在再生稻寬窄行機(jī)械化種植取秧過程中出現(xiàn)側(cè)向偏移量和側(cè)向偏轉(zhuǎn)角的技術(shù)難題,本文提出一種具有局部平面軌跡特性的空間軌跡不等速行星輪系機(jī)構(gòu),并開展基于取秧口和機(jī)構(gòu)回轉(zhuǎn)中心位置約束下的寬窄行分插機(jī)構(gòu)綜合研究。構(gòu)建了基于關(guān)鍵位姿點(diǎn)(取秧起始點(diǎn)、取秧結(jié)束點(diǎn)、推秧點(diǎn))的空間輪系機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)綜合模型,利用關(guān)鍵位姿點(diǎn)求解機(jī)構(gòu)桿長參數(shù)與空間交錯(cuò)軸信息,并通過優(yōu)選二桿相對(duì)角位移參數(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)構(gòu)傳動(dòng)比分配。將不完全非圓齒輪副引入空間行星輪系機(jī)構(gòu),利用間歇機(jī)構(gòu)鎖止弧約束行星軸,實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)構(gòu)取秧過程側(cè)向零偏移量、側(cè)向零偏轉(zhuǎn)角的平面軌跡段。通過仿真分析與機(jī)構(gòu)樣機(jī)試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)際作業(yè)性能與理論設(shè)計(jì)相一致,結(jié)果表明:分插機(jī)構(gòu)取秧側(cè)向零偏移量,取秧側(cè)向零偏轉(zhuǎn)角,推秧側(cè)向總偏移量為50.24mm、取秧角為5.18°、推秧角為71.56°、推秧側(cè)向角為16.26°、插秧穴口寬度為22.43mm、軌跡高度為289.76mm,滿足預(yù)期設(shè)計(jì)要求。最后通過田間試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,分插機(jī)構(gòu)可實(shí)現(xiàn)等行距取秧口和既定機(jī)構(gòu)回轉(zhuǎn)中心下寬行(40cm)與窄行(20cm)間隔機(jī)插,滿足再生稻寬窄行種植要求。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the technical difficulties of lateral displacement and lateral deflection angle in the process of mechanically seedling picking process in wide and narrow rows of regenerated rice using existing space planetary gear transplanting mechanisms, a spatial trajectory unequal velocity planetary gear train mechanism was proposed with local planar trajectory characteristics, and a comprehensive research on the wide and narrow row transplanting mechanism was carried out based on the constraints of the position of rice gate and mechanism’s rotation center. A spatial gear train mechanism motion model based on key pose points (take seedling starting point, take seedling end point, push seedling point) was constructed, and the mechanism rod length parameters and spatial interleaved axis parameters was solved by using key pose points. The transmission ratio distribution of the mechanism was realized by optimizing the relative angular displacement parameters of the two rods. The incomplete non-circular gear pair was introduced into the space planetary gear system mechanism, and the intermittent mechanism was used to restrain the planetary axis to realize the plane trajectory segment with zero lateral offset and zero lateral angle during process of taking seedlings. Through simulation analysis and prototype test of the mechanism, the actual operation performance of the mechanism was consistent with the theoretical design, and the operation performance parameters of the mechanism were verified as follows: the transplanting mechanism had zero lateral offset during the process of picking seedlings, and zero lateral offset angle during the process of picking seedlings, the total lateral offset of pushing seedlings was 50.24mm, the picking angle was 5.18°, the pushing angle was 71.56°, the lateral angle of pushing seedlings was 16.26°, the width of the transplanting hole was 22.43mm, and the trajectory height was 289.76mm, which met the expected design requirements. Finally, the field experiment verified that the rice transplanting mechanism could achieve wide row (40cm) and narrow row (20cm) spacing plant under the equal distance taking position and the established rotation center of the mechanism, which met the requirements of wide row and narrow row planting.

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孫良,姜?jiǎng)P雯,周斌,俞高紅,崔榮江,薛向磊.取秧側(cè)向零偏移的空間軌跡再生稻分插機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(2):101-108. SUN Liang, JIANG Kaiwen, ZHOU Bin, YU Gaohong, CUI Rongjiang, XUE Xianglei. Design and Experiment of Regenerated Rice on Space Trajectory Transplantation Mechanism with Zero Lateral Offset[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(2):101-108.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-02-10
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