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柔性刷輥式葡萄藤清土機設(shè)計與試驗
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新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)科技支疆項目(2022E02110)和新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)天山創(chuàng)新團隊項目(2020D14037)


Design and Experiment of Brush Roll Grapevine Soil Clearing Machine
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    摘要:

    為解決新疆地區(qū)現(xiàn)有葡萄藤清土機械傷藤率高、彩條布上方大量覆土影響葡萄藤清土上架和彩條布回收的問題,采用柔性刷輥設(shè)計了一種刷輥式葡萄藤清土機。該機關(guān)鍵部件為清土裝置,作業(yè)時通過清土刷的旋轉(zhuǎn)運動和橫向伸縮機構(gòu)的往復(fù)運動將彩條布上方的覆土清除。首先進(jìn)行清土刷結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和材料選擇,然后對清土刷工作過程進(jìn)行運動學(xué)理論分析,得到影響清土機作業(yè)性能的主要參數(shù)。通過單因素試驗確定清土刷轉(zhuǎn)速、橫向伸縮機構(gòu)往復(fù)速度、清土刷回轉(zhuǎn)直徑的合理取值范圍,以清土刷轉(zhuǎn)速、橫向伸縮機構(gòu)往復(fù)速度、清土刷回轉(zhuǎn)直徑為試驗因素,以清土率和傷藤率為評價指標(biāo),開展三因素三水平正交試驗。試驗結(jié)果表明,各試驗影響因素對清土率和傷藤率的影響顯著性大小順序為清土刷轉(zhuǎn)速、橫向伸縮機構(gòu)往復(fù)速度、清土刷回轉(zhuǎn)直徑。較優(yōu)參數(shù)組合為:清土刷轉(zhuǎn)速250r/min、橫向伸縮機構(gòu)往復(fù)速度0.14m/s和清土刷回轉(zhuǎn)直徑600mm,在此參數(shù)組合下進(jìn)行3次驗證試驗取平均值,清土率為90.98%,傷藤率為3.27%,與優(yōu)化值相對誤差均小于5%,證明樣機設(shè)計合理。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problems of existing grapevine soil clearing machines in Xinjiang region, such as high injury rate and a large amount of soil over the color-striped cloth affects the grapevine soil clearing on the shelves and recovery of the color-striped cloth, a kind of brush roll grapevine soil clearing machine was designed by using a flexible brush. Its core component of the machine was the soil clearing device, which removed the soil above the color-striped cloth through the rotating motion of the soil clearing brush and the reciprocating motion of the transverse telescoping mechanism. Firstly, the structure and material of the soil clearing brush was designed, then the kinematic theory analysis of the working process of the soil clearing brush was analyzed, and the main parameters affecting the operating performance of the soil clearing brush was obtained. The reasonable range of rotation speed of soil clearing brush, reciprocating speed of transverse telescopic mechanism and clearing brush rotation diameter were determined by single-factor test, taking the rotation speed of soil clearing brush, reciprocating speed of transverse telescopic mechanism and clearing brush rotation diameter as the influencing factors, and taking the soil clearing rate and grapevine injury rate as the evaluation indexes, the three-factor and three-level orthogonal test was carried out. The test results showed that the order of significance of each factor on the soil clearing rate and grapevine injury rate was rotation speed of soil clearing brush, reciprocating speed of transverse telescoping mechanism and clearing brush rotation diameter. The optimal combination of parameters was the rotation speed of soil clearing brush of 250r/min, the reciprocating speed of the transverse telescoping mechanism of 0.14m/s and the clearing brush rotation diameter of 600mm, and the average value of three validation tests under this parameter combination, the soil clearing rate was 90.98% and the grapevine injury rate was 3.27%. The research result can provide reference for the mechanization technology of grapevine clearing in Xinjiang.

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李金明,張佳喜,王茂博,楊興元,王毅超.柔性刷輥式葡萄藤清土機設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2024,55(2):138-148,219. LI Jinming, ZHANG Jiaxi, WANG Maobo, YANG Xingyuan, WANG Yichao. Design and Experiment of Brush Roll Grapevine Soil Clearing Machine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(2):138-148,219.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-07-16
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-02-10
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