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基于亞像素定位的圖像邊緣檢測策略研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(U20A20332)


Image Edge Detection Strategy Based on Sub-pixel Location
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    摘要:

    針對圖像處理與計算機視覺技術(shù)中低對比度、邊緣模糊圖像的邊緣檢測問題,參考局部極值與梯度方向兩種因素,并結(jié)合圖像邊緣方向趨勢,提出了一種單像素邊緣跟蹤策略。相較于應(yīng)用廣泛的Canny算法,該跟蹤策略無需設(shè)置全局閾值,實現(xiàn)方式更為簡潔、高效;提取的圖像邊緣連續(xù)、平滑、完整,并有效地減少了圖像邊緣的冗余像素,進而提升了圖像后續(xù)處理的效率;邊緣跟蹤方向抗干擾性強,具有較強的魯棒性。為了減小檢測的圖像邊緣與真實圖像邊緣之間的偏差、提高圖像邊緣檢測的精度,參考邊緣像素點的相鄰區(qū)域灰度,以邊緣像素點的梯度分布為依據(jù)對該像素點進行亞像素定位。經(jīng)實驗驗證,經(jīng)過亞像素優(yōu)化的圖像邊緣檢測策略可用于檢測邊緣模糊、對比度低的圖像,檢測的圖像邊緣完整、連續(xù)且平滑。該策略有效地消除了程序運算中引入的截斷誤差,提升了圖像邊緣檢測精度,且適用于亮度5~100000lx的高動態(tài)成像場景中。

    Abstract:

    Image edge detection is a technique that extracts mutation information from images and is widely used in the fields of image processing and computer vision. The effectiveness of image edge detection directly affects the accuracy of subsequent region information extraction, target recognition, and pose measurement. Taking into account two factors: local extremum and gradient direction, and combining with the trend of image edge direction, a single-pixel edge tracking strategy was proposed for the edge detection problem of low contrast and edge blurred images. Compared with the widely used Canny algorithm, this tracking strategy did not require setting a global threshold, and its implementation was more concise and efficient. The extracted image edges were continuous, smooth, and complete, effectively reducing redundant pixels at the image edges, thereby improving the efficiency of subsequent image processing. Edge tracking direction had strong anti-interference ability and robustness. In order to reduce the deviation between the detected image edge and the real image edge, and improve the accuracy of image edge detection, the adjacent gray values of edge pixels were referred to, and the gradient distribution of edge pixels was used as the basis for sub-pixel localization of that pixel. Through experimental verification, the sub-pixel optimized image edge detection strategy can be used to detect images with blurred edges and low contrast. The detected image edges were complete, continuous, and smooth. This strategy effectively eliminated truncation errors introduced in program operations, improved the accuracy of image edge detection, which was suitable for high dynamic imaging scenes with a brightness range of 5~100000lx.

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劉浩,任宏,趙丁選,孫海超,姜金辰,姜瑞凱.基于亞像素定位的圖像邊緣檢測策略研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2024,55(2):242-248,294. LIU Hao, REN Hong, ZHAO Dingxuan, SUN Haichao, JIANG Jinchen, JIANG Ruikai. Image Edge Detection Strategy Based on Sub-pixel Location[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(2):242-248,294.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-10-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-02-10
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