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植物工廠巖棉塊種苗移植機(jī)移植部件設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2021YFD2000702)


Design and Test of Rock Wool Block Seedling Transplantation Mechanism in Plant Factory
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    摘要:

    目前植物工廠巖棉塊種苗移植裝備自動(dòng)化程度低,作業(yè)時(shí)大多依賴于人工,勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大,效率低。基于植物工廠水培葉菜種苗移植現(xiàn)狀設(shè)計(jì)了一種二級(jí)變間距的高速移植部件,并配備有一種撥指式定植杯分離輔助機(jī)構(gòu)。對(duì)移植手取苗過程中巖棉塊種苗進(jìn)行受力分析,為移植手設(shè)計(jì)提供依據(jù);開展撥指式定植杯分離輔助機(jī)構(gòu)落杯試驗(yàn),為后續(xù)植苗至栽培槽孔的定植杯中奠定基礎(chǔ)。搭建移植機(jī)構(gòu)試驗(yàn)平臺(tái),以取苗深度、巖棉塊含水率、移植部件橫移速度、移植手升降速度、移植手夾苗間距為試驗(yàn)因素進(jìn)行五因素三水平正交試驗(yàn),通過方差分析各因素對(duì)移植成功率的影響。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)取苗深度為24mm、巖棉塊含水率為90%、移植部件橫移速度為0.8m/s、移植手升降速度為0.24m/s、移植手夾苗間距為14mm時(shí),機(jī)構(gòu)移植成功率為97.9%,移植速度為3.132株/h,能夠滿足高速、高效、穩(wěn)定的植物工廠巖棉塊葉菜種苗移植機(jī)械化作業(yè)的技術(shù)需求。

    Abstract:

    The plant factory rock wool block seedling transplantation equipment has a low penetration rate at present, and most of the operation still relies on manual labor, which is labor-intensive and inefficient. A high-speed transplantation mechanism combining secondary variable spacing for hydroponic leafy vegetable seedlings in plant factories was designed, and it was also equipped with a finger-type planting cup separation mechanism. The stress analysis of rock wool block seedlings in the process of transplanting hand picking seedlings was carried out to provide basis for the design of transplanting hand. The drop cup test of the finger-type planting cup separation mechanism was carried out to lay the foundation for the subsequent planting of seedlings to the planting cup of the cultivation slot. The transplanting mechanism test bench was built, and the transplanting success rate was tested by five-factor three-level orthogonal test with the grasping seedling depth, water content of rock wool block, overall traverse speed, lifting speed, and clamping spacing as the test factors. The influence of each factor on the success rate index was analyzed by variance analysis. The test showed that the seedling depth was 24mm, rock wool block water content was 90%, overall traverse speed was 0.8m/s, lifting speed was 0.24m/s, clamping spacing was 14mm, the transplantation success rate of the mechanism was 97.9%, and the transplant speed reached 3.132 plants/h. which can meet the technical requirements of high-speed, high-efficiency and stable mechanized operation of rock wool block leaf vegetable seedling transplanting in plant factory.

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童俊華,劉珂,劉霓紅,孫良,王小琴,NORUPIRI R Obedience.植物工廠巖棉塊種苗移植機(jī)移植部件設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(3):106-114. TONG Junhua, LIU Ke, LIU Nihong, SUN Liang, WANG Xiaoqin, NORUPIRI R Obedience. Design and Test of Rock Wool Block Seedling Transplantation Mechanism in Plant Factory[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(3):106-114.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-01-15
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