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河北省域鄉(xiāng)村聚落空間分布及其影響因素研究
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國家自然科學基金項目(42301318)和國家科技支撐計劃項目(2015BAD06B01)


Spatial Distribution of Rural Settlements and Its Influencing Factors in Hebei Province
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    摘要:

    在宏觀尺度上剖析鄉(xiāng)村聚落的空間分布特征及其影響因素,有利于全面了解鄉(xiāng)村聚落的空間分異規(guī)律及其形成原因,并為村莊規(guī)劃等工作提供研究基礎。以河北省為主要研究區(qū)域,借助景觀格局指數(shù)、最鄰近分析、核密度估計等方法,分析鄉(xiāng)村聚落的總體變化和空間分布特征,并綜合運用分布指數(shù)、因子分析法和多元線性回歸分析法探究影響鄉(xiāng)村聚落空間分布的主要因素。結果表明:2000年以來尤其是2010年之后,河北省鄉(xiāng)村聚落主要以外延方式擴大規(guī)模,且逐漸呈規(guī)模化、集中化分布,其主要集聚分布于地形平坦的東南部地區(qū),且其集聚程度不斷提升;高聳地形、不利于農業(yè)生產的土壤以及大小規(guī)模河湖等自然因素對鄉(xiāng)村聚落空間分布的限制性正在減弱,不同等級城鎮(zhèn)、道路等區(qū)位因素對鄉(xiāng)村聚落產生集聚作用的程度和影響半徑等有所差異;鄉(xiāng)村產住規(guī)模、區(qū)域經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平和區(qū)域基礎設施完善度是影響河北省鄉(xiāng)村聚落空間分布的主要社會和經(jīng)濟因素,且不同因素的主要作用區(qū)域有所差異。研究結果可為我國北方相關地區(qū)開展差異化的鄉(xiāng)村聚落優(yōu)化提供理論依據(jù)。

    Abstract:

    Analyzing the spatial distribution characteristic of rural settlements and their influencing factors on a macro scale is conducive to comprehensively understanding the spatial differential law of rural settlements and its forming reasons, and providing a research basis for village planning and other work. Taking Hebei Province as the main research area, the overall changes and spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements were analyzed with the help of landscape pattern indices, the nearest neighbor analysis and kernel density estimation, and the main factors influencing rural settlement spatial distribution were explored based on the integrated application of distribution indices, factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that since 2000, especially after 2010, rural settlements in Hebei Province had mainly expanded their area through extension development and gradually showed a large-scale and concentrated distribution. They were aggregated in the southeast of Hebei Province and their degree of agglomeration was continuously increasing. The limitations of natural factors such as towering terrain, soil that was not conducive to agricultural production and rivers and lakes of different scales on the spatial distribution of rural settlements were weakening. There were differences in the degree and radius of agglomeration effects that locational factors such as towns or roads of different levels on rural settlements. The rural production and housing scale, the regional economic development and the regional infrastructure completeness were the main social and economic factors that affected the spatial distribution of rural settlements in Hebei Province, and the main areas affected by different factors were distinct. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the differentiated optimization of rural settlement in relevant regions of northern China.

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王楠,郝晉珉.河北省域鄉(xiāng)村聚落空間分布及其影響因素研究[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2024,55(5):176-185,195. WANG Nan, HAO Jinmin. Spatial Distribution of Rural Settlements and Its Influencing Factors in Hebei Province[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(5):176-185,195.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-25
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-12-25
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