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基于激光雷達(dá)的果樹智能修剪系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與試驗
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(32372003)、智能農(nóng)業(yè)動力裝備全國重點(diǎn)實驗室開放課題(SKLIAPE2023012)和新疆兵團(tuán)重大科技項目(2021AA00503)


Design and Experiment of Intelligent Pruning System for Fruit Trees Based on LiDAR
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    摘要:

    針對傳統(tǒng)果樹修剪存在人員勞動強(qiáng)度大、修剪效率低及修剪質(zhì)量難以保證等問題,本文設(shè)計了果樹智能修剪機(jī)械臂,并利用固態(tài)激光雷達(dá)與可編程邏輯控制器開發(fā)了基于激光雷達(dá)的果樹智能修剪系統(tǒng),實現(xiàn)果樹自動修剪。為了驗證修剪臂的控制精度,分別對修剪機(jī)的擺動機(jī)械臂、舉升機(jī)械臂、修剪切割總成進(jìn)行獨(dú)立精度試驗與修剪目標(biāo)位置精度試驗,獨(dú)立精度試驗結(jié)果表明擺動機(jī)械臂、舉升機(jī)械臂、修剪切割總成控制精度平均誤差分別為2.32%、3.75%、2.50%,修剪目標(biāo)位置精度試驗結(jié)果表明目標(biāo)位置Xb、Zb平均誤差分別為2.98%、1.85%,修剪總成作業(yè)傾角α平均誤差為4.35%,滿足果樹修剪精度要求。在新疆阿克蘇果樹種植基地開展了果樹修剪試驗,結(jié)果表明,搭載固態(tài)激光雷達(dá)的果樹修剪機(jī)能夠?qū)崟r獲取果樹的三維空間信息,修剪機(jī)可以根據(jù)激光雷達(dá)探測到的果樹樹冠信息制定修剪策略,香梨園與蘋果園修剪優(yōu)良率分別為93.3%與86.6%。該系統(tǒng)能有效提高果樹修剪效率,降低修剪人員勞動強(qiáng)度。

    Abstract:

    The traditional fruit tree pruning process has problems such as high labor intensity, low pruning efficiency, and difficulty in ensuring pruning quality. An intelligent pruning robot arm for fruit trees was designed, and an intelligent pruning system for fruit trees was developed based on solid-state LiDAR and programmable logic controller, achieving automatic pruning of fruit trees. In order to verify the control accuracy of the pruning arm, independent accuracy tests and pruning target position accuracy tests were conducted on the swinging mechanical arm, lifting mechanical arm, and pruning cutting assembly of the pruning machine. The independent accuracy test results showed that the average control accuracy errors of the swinging mechanical arm, lifting mechanical arm, and pruning cutting assembly were 2.32%, 3.75%, and 2.50%, respectively. The pruning target position accuracy test results showed that the average length errors of the target positions Xb and Zb were 2.98% and 1.85%, respectively. The operating inclination angle of the pruning assembly was also determined, the average error was 4.35%, which met the accuracy requirements for fruit tree pruning. A fruit tree pruning experiment was conducted at the Aksu fruit tree planting base in Xinjiang. The results showed that the fruit tree pruning machine equipped with solid-state LiDAR can obtain real-time three-dimensional spatial information of the fruit tree. The pruning machine can formulate pruning strategies based on the information of the fruit tree crown detected by LiDAR. The excellent pruning rates of pear orchards and apple orchards were 93.3% and 86.6%, respectively. This system can effectively improve the efficiency of fruit tree pruning and reduce the labor intensity of pruning personnel.

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楊洋,韓華宇,安東,王宇,唐武,劉京輝,宋龍,周艷.基于激光雷達(dá)的果樹智能修剪系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2024,55(7):47-56,123. YANG Yang, HAN Huayu, AN Dong, WANG Yu, TANG Wu, LIU Jinghui, SONG Long, ZHOU Yan. Design and Experiment of Intelligent Pruning System for Fruit Trees Based on LiDAR[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(7):47-56,123.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-03
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-07-10
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